Properties of Anti-oxidation 3D Fiber Preform Reinforced Phenolic Aerogel Material
ZHANG Pengfei1, LAI Xiaoming1, HONG Changqing2, YANG Lei3, ZHANG Yusheng1, LIANG Long1, DONG Wei1, LIU Feng4, MA Bin4, LIU Jia1, CHEN Weiqiang1, ZHANG Xuan1, TAO Jibai1
1 Composites Division, Beijing Spacecrafts, Beijing 100094, China; 2 Institute of Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; 3 Manned General Department, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China; 4 Mechanical Structure Division, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China
Abstract: In this paper, a novel anti-oxidation 3D fiber preform reinforced phenolic aerogel thermal protection system (3DTPS) was invented. Herein, a low density three-dimensional rigid preform was used as reinforcement, and the Si-B-C preceramic was used to protect the fibers from oxidation, nano-phenolic resin was impregnated into the pore of the preform to improve the capacity of heat shield. With the density increasing from 0.3 g/cm3 to 0.7 g/cm3, the flexural strength, the tensile strength, the compressive strength and the thermal conductivity increased from 12 MPa, 10 MPa, 2 MPa and 0.078 W/(m·K) to 57 MPa, 46 MPa, 18 MPa and 0.12 W/(m·K) respectively, while the specific heat capacity maintained at 1.07~1.1 J/(g·K). The ablation recession was 10 mm after tested in an arc wind tunnel at 2 000 ℃ for 15 min. The comprehensive thermos-mechanical properties revealed that such material can greatly improve the mechanical strength and its excellent anti-failure ability. Moreover, in-situ pyrolysis reaction was adopted in the ablation process to enhance the anti-oxidation ability at high temperature. Especially, this three-dimensional structure can realize near-net-size forming of various complex forms, which effectively enhanced the integration and assembly of the thermal protection material in task. This kind of material has broad application prospects in thermal protection structure of manned spacecrafts and hypersonic aircrafts.
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2021, Vol. 35 
