Recent Advances in 3D Printed Polymer Nanocomposites
YANG Zhaozhe1, KONG Zhenwu1, WU Guomin1, WANG Siqun2, XIE Yanjun3, FENG Xinhao2,4,*
1 Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China 2 Center of Renewable Carbon, University of Tennessee, TN 37996, USA 3 College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China 4 College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
Abstract: Compared to the traditional manufacturing methods such as extrusion, molding, etc., 3D printing technology can not only rapidly mold the product with complex and fine structure, but also realizes efficient manufacturing with different materials to meet the requirements on the functions and performance. Therefore, 3D printing has been attracted more attention, and more 3D printed products have been applied into people's lives, study, and work. Among all the raw materials used for 3D printing, polymer such as thermoset and thermoplastic polymer, has been mostly 3D printed and applied in the areas ranging from house decorations to micro/nano-electronic devices. However, the 3D printed polymers can only be used in mo-dels and non-structural materials due to their low strength and weak adhesion between printed layers. Nanomaterials such as cellulose nanocrystals, are often used as reinforcement in polymers to prepare high-strength 3D printed nanocomposites, which can be used in structural and functional applications. Cellulose nanocrystal is an ideal nano-enhancement material with wide sources, low price, renewable, and high strength. Hence, the application of nanomaterials in the 3D printed nanocomposites has been researched, meanwhile, the effect of nanomaterials on the properties of 3D-printed polymers was elaborately investigated. Researches were also focused on the modification of nanomaterial and development of new nanomaterials to improve the property of 3D printed nanocomposites and obtain functionality in the printed nanocomposites, and several fruitful results have been achieved. In addition, the structure-property-function relationship of 3D printed nanocomposites produced by stereolithography and fused deposition modeling, respectively, have been evaluated to provide a reliable reference for the extensive application of 3D printed nanocomposites. In this study, the 3D printing technology was briefly introduced. The basic principles and characteristics of 3D printing technology used in thermoset and thermoplastic polymers were introduced. Subsequently, the application of stereolithography and fused deposition modeling in the field of polymer nanocomposites were analyzed. Finally, the performance and applications of the printed nanocomposites were analyzed and summarized to establish a stable foundation for the wide application of 3D printed polymer nanocomposites.
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2021, Vol. 35 
