Abstract: The anti-washout underwater concrete can be directly poured in water, which is not easy to disperse and segregate, and has almost no pollution to the construction environment. It is called “new, ideal and epoch-making concrete” by domestic and foreign scholars. However, compared with foreign advanced technology, there is still a certain gap in the overall technology of anti-washout underwater concrete in China, mainly due to poor construction performance and backward supporting construction technology, resulting in low overall strength and poor durability. The important reason for the poor construction performance is that there are few systematic studies on the factors influencing the anti-washout ability of underwater concrete. The study of anti-washout ability should consider not only the influencing factors of the concrete composition mate-rials and the anti-washout admixtures itself, but also the construction method and environmental impact. The evaluation of anti-washout perfor-mance of concrete in the existing code for construction of anti-washout underwater concrete is tested and analyzed in the still water environment, which is suitable for the anti-dispersion of concrete in the still water environment and the high-pressure construction in the actual environment or there is a big gap in the environmental requirements of high water velocity, so it is particularly important to establish the evaluation methods and indicators of anti-washout ability of concrete under the action of dynamic water and develop new high-efficiency anti-washout admixture. The trial mix, adjustment and series of macro tests of anti-washout concrete have a large workload and a long period, so it is the future development trend to establish the performance prediction model of underwater anti-washout concrete. Therefore, this paper summarizes the four aspects of the above problems and looks forward to the future research focus of underwater anti-washout concrete. Among them, in order to adapt to the dynamic water environment construction, the new anti-washout admixtures and its anti-washout mechanism: The high-efficiency anti-washout admixtures composed of water glass and xanthan gum flocculant, Ca2+, Fe3+, Al3+ form chemical coordination bonds to connect the hydration products. Compared with the physical adsorption effect of cellulose on cement particles, the anti-washout ability of the slurry is significantly improved; The high specific surface area and the ratio of height to width of nano cellulose (CF) can form bridge bond continuously in three dimensions when the content reaches a certain degree, and the anti dispersion effect is significant. In order to improve the construction quality and anti-washout ability of underwater concrete, a mathematical model considering the content of cementitious material, the water binder ratio, the sand binder ratio, the anti dispersion agent and the concentration of superplasticizer is established by mathematical statistics and factor optimization design method, which can directly predict the slump, fluidity, erosion quality loss and the deve-lopment of compressive strength of underwater concrete. The surface area of sand is equal to the surface area of coarse aggregate. The statistical regression model can predict the critical water pressure that the concrete can bear and the loss of erosion resistance.
孙国文, 王朋硕, 张营, 闫娜. 水下不分散混凝土性能的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2021, 35(3): 3092-3103.
SUN Guowen, WANG Pengshuo, ZHANG Ying, YAN Na. Research Progress on Performance of Anti-washout Underwater Concrete. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(3): 3092-3103.
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