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材料导报  2025, Vol. 39 Issue (19): 24100197-7    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.24100197
  无机非金属及其复合材料 |
碳包覆氮化钒/碳(VN/C)复合纳米材料的制备以及作为超级电容器电极的应用
高兆辉*, 唐茂勇, 迟建卫, 章天歌
大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁 大连 116023
Synthesis of Carbon-encapsulated Vanadium Nitride/Carbon (VN/C) Nanocomposites and Their Application as Supercapacitor Electrodes
GAO Zhaohui*, TANG Maoyong, CHI Jianwei, ZHANG Tiange
School of Marine Science and Environment Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
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摘要 以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)同时作为模板剂和碳源,通过碳化-氨解还原法成功制备了碳包覆氮化钒/碳(VN/C)复合纳米材料。研究结果表明,当NH4VO3与CTAB物质的量比为4∶1时,制备的VN/C4∶1复合材料具有最优结构:VN颗粒表面形成厚度1~10 nm的均匀碳包覆层,比表面积达244 m2/g,并富含2~6 nm的介孔。该复合材料兼具双电层电容特性和赝电容特性,在100 mA/g电流密度下展现出406.7 F/g的高比电容;即使电流密度大幅提升至5 A/g,比电容仍能保持281.4 F/g,表现出优异的倍率性能。进一步地,以VN/C4∶1为负极、NIOx为正极组装成VN/C4∶1∥NIOx非对称超级电容器。该器件最高比电容达118 F/g,在39.7 Wh/kg能量密度下,功率密度约为502 W/kg;当功率密度提升至3 120 W/kg时,能量密度仍维持在21.5 Wh/kg。尤为突出的是,该非对称超级电容器展现出卓越的循环稳定性,经10 000次充放电循环后,比电容保持率仍高达88.9%。
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高兆辉
唐茂勇
迟建卫
章天歌
关键词:  碳包覆  氮化钒/碳(VN/C)  复合纳米材料  超级电容器  电极材料    
Abstract: Carbon-encapsulated vanadium nitride/carbon (VN/C) nanocomposites were synthesized via a carbonization-ammonolysis reduction method utilizing cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as both a template agent and carbon source. Experimental results indicate that a molar ratio of NH4VO3 to CTAB of 4∶1 yields the VN/C4∶1 composite with optimal structural properties. Within this composite, VN particles are uniformly encapsulated with a carbon layer approximately 1—10 nm thick. The material possesses a specific surface area of 244 m2/g and abundant mesopores ranging from 2—6 nm. This VN/C4∶1 composite exhibits combined electric double-layer capacitance (EDLC) and pseudocapacitive behavior, delivering a high specific capacitance of 406.7 F/g at a current density of 100 mA/g. Remarkably, it maintains a specific capacitance of 281.4 F/g even at a significantly elevated current density of 5 A/g, demonstrating excellent rate capability. To demonstrate its practical application, an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) was assembled using VN/C4∶1 as the anode and NiOx as the cathode (denoted VN/C4∶1∥NiOx). The device achieves a maximum specific capacitance of 118 F/g, delivering an energy density of 39.7 Wh/kg at a power density of 502 W/kg. Furthermore, at a high power density of 3 120 W/kg, the ASC retained an energy density of 21.5 Wh/kg. Notably, the asymmetric supercapacitor exhibits outstanding cycling stability, retaining 88.9% of its initial specific capacitance after 10 000 charge-discharge cycles.
Key words:  carbon-encapsulated    vanadium nitride/carbon (VN/C)    nanocomposite    supercapacitor    electrode material
出版日期:  2025-10-10      发布日期:  2025-09-24
ZTFLH:  O646.54  
  TM53  
基金资助: 中央财政支持地方高校发展专项基金(500217201010);辽宁省教育厅基金(LJKZ0710);辽宁省自然科学基金指导计划项目(20180550123)
通讯作者:  *高兆辉,博士,大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院实验师。目前主要从事纳米材料在能源和环境领域的应用等方面的研究。gzhaohui892@163.com   
引用本文:    
高兆辉, 唐茂勇, 迟建卫, 章天歌. 碳包覆氮化钒/碳(VN/C)复合纳米材料的制备以及作为超级电容器电极的应用[J]. 材料导报, 2025, 39(19): 24100197-7.
GAO Zhaohui, TANG Maoyong, CHI Jianwei, ZHANG Tiange. Synthesis of Carbon-encapsulated Vanadium Nitride/Carbon (VN/C) Nanocomposites and Their Application as Supercapacitor Electrodes. Materials Reports, 2025, 39(19): 24100197-7.
链接本文:  
https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.24100197  或          https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2025/V39/I19/24100197
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