Abstract: Porous materials have been widely applied in adsorption and separation, catalyst supports, thermal insulating materials, energy storage, sensors, etc., owning to their high porosity, high surface area, low thermal conductivity and bulk density, and good chemical inertness. Porous materials can be classified into three categories according to pore size: macroporous materials with the aperture greater than 50 nm, mesoporous materials that possess a pore size between 2 nm to 50 nm and microporous materials with pore diameter less than 2 nm. However, their applications suppressed to a certain extent owing to the limited pore size. Hierarchical porous materials enjoy the advantages compared to the conventional porous materials including high permeability, elaborate pore structure, low bulk density, large surface area and pore volume, and have been provoking continuously increasing research interest. On the other hand, the conventional preparation process for hierarchical porous materials still suffer several problems, including complicated preparation process, high-cost preparation and difficulty in controlling pore structure. Thus, researchers endeavor to optimize hierarchical porous materialsfabrication process and reduce the cost of preparation, aiming to prepare uniform-and controllable-sized hierarchical porous materials. Hierarchical porous materials mainly include macro-mesoporous materials, macro-mesoporous materials and meso-mesoporous materials with bimodal or multiple mesopores. Macro-mesoporous materials can be produced by a variety of methods including template method, foam-gelcasting, sol-gel method and molten salt method. The major routes to preparing micro-mesoporous materials are chemical activation, template method and hydrothermal method. Meso-mesoporous materials are commonly fabricated through hydrothermal method, template method, sol-gel method and self-assembly synthetic procedure. This paper gives a summary of research efforts in recent years with respect to the hierarchical porous materials, and introduces the fabrication process of macro-mesoporous, micro-mesoporous materials and meso-mesoporous materials. The development trends of the future research are also discussed.
葛胜涛, 邓先功, 毕玉保, 王军凯, 李赛赛, 韩磊, 张海军. 多级孔材料研究进展[J]. 《材料导报》期刊社, 2018, 32(13): 2195-2201.
GE Shengtao, DENG Xiangong, BI Yubao, WANG Junkai, LI Saisai, HAN Lei, ZHANG Haijun. Research Progress of Hierarchical Porous Materials. Materials Reports, 2018, 32(13): 2195-2201.
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2018, Vol. 32 
