Research Progress on Antibacterial Mechanisms of Inorganic Antibacterial Materials
YAO Xiyan1, TANG Xiaoning1, WANG Xiaonan2, ZHANG Bin3, XIA Zhenhao1
1 Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China 2 Anshan Chemical Technology Company, Anshan 114000, China 3 Faculty of Science, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
Abstract: Since the inorganic materials as antibacterial agents has entered the field of vision, its materials and antibacterial mechanism have been continuously studied and summarized. Inorganic antibacterial materials are mainly divided into metal ion type (such as Ag, Cu, Zn) and metal oxide photocatalytic type (for example TiO2 and ZnO), its preparation into nano-scale materials, it can better adsorb microorganisms because of the larger specific surface area, so it has better antibacterial effect. At the same time, inorganic antibacterial materials have the advantages of low toxicity, high stability, good durability and not easy to cause bacterial resistance compared with organic antibacterial materials and natural antibacterial materials. However, in recent years, the antibacterial mechanism of inorganic antibacterial materials has not been systematically analyzed and demonstrated. Most researchers have only proposed the antibacterial mechanism of a metal-type antibacterial material.The antibacterial mechanism of silver system antibacterial materials is more deeply studied in inorganic antibacterial materials. It is generally believed that silver system antibacterial materials release Ag+ and adsorbs on the surface of bacteria, then penetrates the cell membrane into the cell to react with the cell contents, and finally leads to the inactivation of bacteria. Whereas metal oxide photocatalytic type (such as TiO2) antibacterial materials are generally thought to produce a large number of free radicals for instance ·OH, ·O2- because their wide optical band gap can produce photocatalytic reactions under the conditions of illumination. When these free radicals are in contact with cells, they react with intracellular organic matter, resulting in bacterial deactivation. This review offers the antibacterial mechanism of various inorganic materials is summarized and analyzed. According to the antibacterial active substances and objects of action, the antibacterial mechanisms are divided into three types: direct contact type, dissolution-osmotic type and catalytic oxidation type. The current research shows that the three antibacterial mechanisms often exist together and interlaced with each other, and the mechanism analysis is still not thorough. It is suggested that the internal process of antibacterial mechanism should be revealed from the molecular biological and genetic levels for example cell repair and protein conversion.
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2021, Vol. 35 
