Research Progress in Purification and Application of Industrial Silica Fume
WANG Jie1, WEI Kuixian1,2, MA Wenhui1,2, WU Jijun1,2
1 National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
Abstract: Silica fume is a by-product produced in the metallurgical grade silicon (MG-Si) and ferrosilicon alloy production process. The main component is amorphous silica with small amount of free carbon and metal oxide impurities. Silica fume have been widely used in the field of concrete, cement and refractory materials due to its physical properties such as high volcanic ash activity and large specific surface area. However, silica fume is fail to utilize in large-scale application because its low-purity and large particle sizes, compared with foreign countries. Interestingly, sphe-rical silica particles, which collected in the dust removal device during the production of MG-Si, is a cheap and readily available source of silica for preparing the high purity spherical silica. High purity spherical silica is one of the key materials for semiconductor integrated circuit devices preparation, and it has been a focal point in powder material research field in China. If high purity spherical silica could be obtained from silica fume, it would greatly solve the problem of high purity spherical silica shortage in China. Many published studies have been demonstrated that the grade of SiO2 in silica fume was improved, which is one of the approaches to increased value-added and economic benefits of silica fume. The free carbon in silica fume can be effectively removed by calcining at a high tempe-rature. Meanwhile, silica fume can easily react with alkaline medium, and metal oxide impurities also can be leached in acid solution (except hydrofluoric acid), which can effectively improve its purity. In addition, the purity of silica fume can be significantly achieved by other beneficiation methods. This paper comprehensively elaborated the application fields of silica fume, including concrete, cement, refractory materials and etc. And then its additive effect and mechanism were summarized. Furthermore, the purification technology of silica fume were analyzed, such as calcination, acid, wet and flocculation. Based on the literature investigation, the results indicated that the purity of silica fume can be effectively improved with wet method, and above 99.98% of SiO2 can be obtained, which is the mainstream development direction of silica fume purification, and the development prospects of silica fume application fields are prospected.
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2020, Vol. 34 
