Abstract: With the rapid development of modern science and technology, important fields such as aerospace, military industry, medical and health require high-speed, intelligent and miniaturized devices, and traditional shape memory alloy materials can not meet the development requirements of modern technology. Researchers have continuously improved the processing technology and structure of shape memory alloys, and found that Cu-based and Fe-based memory alloys have poor thermal stability of martensite, poor superelastic and shape memory effects, low strength and low corrosion resistance. Serious problems have hindered the development of its applications. The nano-crystalline NiTi shape memory alloy has been widely concerned since it has entered the field of vision for its high damping, high strength and corrosion resistance. Therefore, nanocrystalline NiTi-based shape memory alloys are expected to become important research objects in the field of functional materials in the future. Nanocrystalline NiTi shape memory alloys have attracted wide attention due to their higher hardness, tensile strength, and greater recoverable strain than coarse and ultrafine crystals. The multi-functional properties of NiTi shape memory alloy are closely related to the thermo-elastic martensitic transformation. The phase transformation characteristics mainly include temperature-induced martensitic transformation and stress-induced martensitic transformation. It is found that there are many factors affecting the reversible martensite transformation temperature of NiTi-based alloys, including thermal cycle, alloying elements, grain size and annealing temperature. When the grain size of the NiTi shape memory alloy reaches nanoscale, it is extremely sensitive to temperature and applied stress, and exhibits a phase transformation characteristic different from that of the coarse crystal and the ultrafine crystal. The effect of grain size on the phase transformation of nanocrystalline NiTi shape memory alloys is mainly reflected in the two major aspects of thermal-induced martensitic transformation and stress-induced martensitic transformation. In this regard, in recent years, many researchers have studied on the critical grain size, phase transformation temperature of thermal-induced martensitic transformation and critical stress, stress hyste-resis of stress-induced martensitic transformation. For thermal-induced martensitic transformation, the critical grain size of B19' martensitic transformation is approximately 50 nm, and as the grain size decreases, the phase transformation temperature decreases. The critical dimension of R phase transformation is approximately 15 nm, and the phase transformation temperature increases with the decreasing grain size. For stress-induced martensitic transformation, the critical phase transformation stress increases with the decreasing grain size. For the stress hysteresis of stress-induced martensitic transformation, the researchers draw different conclusions, mainly due to the combination the effects of dislocation and grain size on stress hysteresis. Therefore,investigating the effect of grain size on its phase transition will be beneficial to study nanocrystalline NiTi memory alloys, which reaches the potential of nanocrystalline NiTi alloys in the field of thermal elements, pipe joints, nanoscale brake and micro-electromechanical industries. The mechanism of temperature-induced martensitic transformation and stress-induced martensitic transformation is introduced,and the effects of grain size on two induced martensitic transformations of nanocrystalline NiTi alloys are reviewed in this paper.
毛虎, 杨宏亮, 史晓斌. 纳米晶NiTi形状记忆合金的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2019, 33(13): 2237-2242.
MAO Hu, YANG Hongliang, SHI Xiaobin. Research Progress of Nanocrystalline NiTi Shape Memory Alloys. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(13): 2237-2242.
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2019, Vol. 33 
