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材料导报  2025, Vol. 39 Issue (12): 24060115-6    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.24060115
  高分子与聚合物基复合材料 |
粉煤灰基防鼠咬PVC线缆护套材料的制备与性能研究
兰亚坤1, 李丹1,2,*, 丁立洋1, 董庭轩3, 李依鹏3, 郭生伟1,*
1 北方民族大学材料科学与工程学院,工业废弃物循环利用及先进材料国际科技合作基地,高分子材料及制造技术重点实验室,银川 750021
2 宝胜科技创新股份有限公司,江苏 扬州 225800
3 北方民族大学化学与化学工程学院,银川 750021
Preparation and Properties of Coal Fly Ash-based Rodent-resistant PVC Cable Sheath Material
LAN Yakun1, LI Dan1,2,*, DING Liyang1, DONG Tingxuan3, LI Yipeng3, GUO Shengwei1,*
1 Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Manufacturing Technology, International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Industrial Solid Waste Cyclic Utilization and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
2 Baosheng Science and Technology Innovation Co., Ltd., Yangzhou 225800, Jiangsu, China
3 School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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摘要 大鼠啮咬线缆会造成短路、停电、信号中断和火灾等事故,威胁人类生命及财产安全。基于粉煤灰(CFA)固废的多孔特性,为聚氯乙烯(PVC)线缆设计了一种具有防鼠咬功能的填料。以辣椒素为防鼠蚁剂,借助粉煤灰表面孔洞对辣椒素进行包覆,随后通过铝酸酯偶联剂对粉煤灰表面进行改性,使其进一步实现辣椒素的遮蔽并适用于制备PVC线缆护套料。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、比表面积及孔径分析仪(BET)、热失重分析仪(TG)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对CFA吸附辣椒素并经铝酸酯改性后的粉末样品进行了表征,证明辣椒素被成功包覆,同时粉煤灰表面成功改性,对辣椒素进一步包覆,使得辣椒素刺激性降低。样条测试结果表明,仅添加0.3%辣椒素的PVC基线缆材料已具备良好的热稳定性,与CFA基PVC复合材料相比,添加辣椒素的CFA基PVC复合材料的拉伸强度提高了12.81%,而且辣椒素的添加能有效防止老鼠啮咬。粉煤灰基防鼠咬PVC线缆护套料在消纳大宗固废的同时,实现了辣椒素加工过程中刺激性气味的遮蔽。
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兰亚坤
李丹
丁立洋
董庭轩
李依鹏
郭生伟
关键词:  粉煤灰  辣椒素  聚氯乙烯  防鼠    
Abstract: Cable damage caused by rats may result in short circuit, power failure, signal interruption, and fire, which may threaten human life and pro-perty. In this work, a filler with anti-rodent function is designed for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cables based on the porous property of coal fly ash (CFA) solid waste. Capsaicin(Cap) was used as the anti-rodent agent, and the capsaicin was encapsulated with the help of the pores on the surface of the coal fly ash, and then the surface of the coal fly ash was modified by aluminate coupling agent, which further achieved capsaicin masking and was suitable for the preparation of PVC cable sheathing materials. The reduced irritation of the powder samples after adsorption of capsaicin by CFA and modification by aluminate was determined by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), specific surface area and pore size analyzer (BET), thermal weight loss analyzer (TG) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, the sample test results showed that with only 0.3% Cap added, the PVC-based cable material already possessed good thermal stability, and the tensile strength of CFA-based PVC composites with capsaicin addition was increased by 12.81% compared to CFA-based PVC composites, and the addition of capsaicin was effective in preventing rodents from biting. In summary, the coal fly ash-based rodent-resistant PVC cable sheathing material eliminates bulk solid waste while achieving the masking of irritating odour during capsaicin processing.
Key words:  coal fly ash    capsaicin    polyvinyl chloride    rodent-resistance
出版日期:  2025-06-25      发布日期:  2025-06-19
ZTFLH:  TB332  
基金资助: 宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目(2022BDE02001);银川市科技计划项目(2022ZDGX11);北方民族大学科研启动项目(2020KYQD32)
通讯作者:  *李丹,北方民族大学材料科学与工程学院讲师、硕士研究生导师。目前主要从事高分子复合材料和聚合物合成新方法方面的研究。lidan@nun.edu.cn
郭生伟,博士,北方民族大学材料科学与工程学院教授、博士研究生导师。目前主要从事功能高分子材料、绿色化学、工业副产物循环利用等方面的研究。shengwei@nun.edu.cn   
作者简介:  兰亚坤,北方民族大学材料科学与工程学院硕士研究生,导师为郭生伟教授,主要研究方向为功能高分子材料。
引用本文:    
兰亚坤, 李丹, 丁立洋, 董庭轩, 李依鹏, 郭生伟. 粉煤灰基防鼠咬PVC线缆护套材料的制备与性能研究[J]. 材料导报, 2025, 39(12): 24060115-6.
LAN Yakun, LI Dan, DING Liyang, DONG Tingxuan, LI Yipeng, GUO Shengwei. Preparation and Properties of Coal Fly Ash-based Rodent-resistant PVC Cable Sheath Material. Materials Reports, 2025, 39(12): 24060115-6.
链接本文:  
https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.24060115  或          https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2025/V39/I12/24060115
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