Abstract: Microwave method is an important technique for the synthesis of functional carbon nanomaterials, with advantages of rapid heating, easy to control and uniform reaction. The synthetic mechanism is based on the excellent intrinsic dielectric properties of carbon materials, which can have strong interactions with the microwave electromagnetic field, thus causing strong dielectric loss and localized high energy field for the fast synthesis. In this paper, we briefly introduce the interaction mechanism between microwave and matter. Then the advantages of microwave as energy input for the preparation of 1D carbon nanotubes, 2D graphene and 3D nano-porous carbon are introduced in detail from aspects of the microwave functions, key experimental parameters and the characteristics of carbon materials prepared by microwave. Finally, approaches for fast synthesis of multifunctional and high-performance carbon nanomaterials on large scale are prospected.
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