间苯二酚-甲醛基酚醛/碳气凝胶微观结构调控研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.20090342

材料导报

2022, Vol. 36

Issue (12): 20090342-10 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.20090342

高分子与聚合物基复合材料

间苯二酚-甲醛基酚醛/碳气凝胶微观结构调控研究进展

严蛟^1,2, 邝旻翾¹, 胡宏林², 孔磊², 马慧玲¹, 张秀芹¹

1 北京服装学院材料设计与工程学院,北京市纺织纳米纤维工程技术研究中心,北京 100029
2 航天材料及工艺研究所先进功能复合材料技术重点实验室,北京 100076

Research Progress in Tailoring the Microstructure of Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Organic/Carbon Aerogel

YAN Jiao^1,2, KUANG Minxuan¹, HU Honglin², KONG Lei², MA Huiling², ZHANG Xiuqin¹

1 Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
2 Science and Technology on Advanced Functional Composites Laboratory, Aerospace Research Institute of Materials & Processing Technology, Beijing 100076, China

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摘要酚醛/碳气凝胶因其独特的耐烧蚀性能以及优异的物理、化学性能,在声/热阻材料、吸附材料、能源储存装置、传感器、宇航工业等领域具有重要的应用价值。本文系统综述了催化剂、添加剂和干燥方式在间苯二酚-甲醛基酚醛/碳气凝胶制备过程中的影响。分别介绍了酸/碱催化机理,阐述了催化剂种类及pH值对气凝胶微观结构的调控;分析了表面活性剂的作用机理,讨论了其种类和用量对气凝胶微观结构的影响,以及碳纳米管、氧化石墨烯、壳聚糖、盐类等多种添加剂对气凝胶微纳结构的调控;总结了超临界干燥、冷冻干燥、常压干燥三种常见干燥方式对气凝胶微观结构的影响,着重讨论了实现常压干燥的必要条件及原理。最后,总结了酚醛气凝胶研究领域所面临的挑战,探讨了其未来的发展方向,包括改善其宏观力学性能、降低成本、实现超柔性以及发展可3D打印的酚醛气凝胶。

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	严蛟
	邝旻翾
	胡宏林
	孔磊
	马慧玲
	张秀芹

关键词: 酚醛气凝胶催化剂 pH值添加剂干燥方式

Abstract: Because of the excellent ablation resistance and physical/chemical properties, phenolic/carbon aerogel has great potential in the fields of acoustic/thermal resistance material, absorption material, energy storage material, sensor, aerospace industry, etc. This mini-review introduced the main factors in the synthesis of resorcinol-formaldehyde organic/carbon aerogel, including catalyst, additives and drying methods. First, the catalytic mechanism of acids/bases, the impact of the catalyst types and solution pH value on the microstructure of the aerogel were discussed. Then, while the interaction mechanism of surfactants was analyzed, how the types and the amount of surfactants influence the microstructure was elucidated. Further, the role of additives, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, chitosan, salts, etc., was discussed. The effects of different drying methods i.e., supercritical drying, freeze-drying and ambient pressure drying, on the microstructure of the aerogel were compared, with an emphasis on the prerequisites and principles for ambient pressure drying. Finally, the current challenges were summarized and the possible future developments of resorcinol-formaldehyde polymer/carbon aerogel were prospected, such as improvement of mechanical properties, cost-effective, super elastic aerogel and 3D printable aerogel.

Key words: phenolic aerogel catalyst pH value additive drying method

出版日期: 2022-06-25 发布日期: 2022-06-24

ZTFLH:	TB34
	TB35
	O631.5

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(51673003);北京市长城学者培育计划(CTT&TCD20180321)

通讯作者: clyzxq@bift.edu.cn

作者简介: 严蛟,2013年毕业于天津工业大学,获得学士学位。2013年至2019年,就职于航天材料及工艺研究所,现为北京服装学院材料学院在读硕士研究生,在张秀芹教授的指导下进行研究工作,目前主要研究领域为水溶性酚醛树脂气凝胶的结构设计、制备以及抗氧化改性。
张秀芹,理学博士,北京服装学院教授,德国洪堡学者。2007年在中国科学院化学研究所高分子化学与物理专业取得博士学位。主要从事生物可降解材料的高性能化和功能化的研发工作。承担参加国家级、省部级科研项目20余项,发表SCI论文70余篇,授权国家发明专利10余项,参与专著一部。作为研究骨干,曾获得2015年国家科技进步二等奖、“纺织之光”2014年度科学技术进步一等奖。荣获“教育部新世纪优秀人才”称号。

引用本文:

严蛟, 邝旻翾, 胡宏林, 孔磊, 马慧玲, 张秀芹. 间苯二酚-甲醛基酚醛/碳气凝胶微观结构调控研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2022, 36(12): 20090342-10.
YAN Jiao, KUANG Minxuan, HU Honglin, KONG Lei, MA Huiling, ZHANG Xiuqin. Research Progress in Tailoring the Microstructure of Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Organic/Carbon Aerogel. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(12): 20090342-10.

链接本文:

http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.20090342 或 http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2022/V36/I12/20090342

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