Research Progress of the Aromatic Organic CompoundAdsorption Materials in Water
WEI Junfu1,2, ZHANG Tianye1,2, XIN Zhuohan1,3, WANG Zhihang1,3, ZHANG Li1,2
1 State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; 2 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; 3 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
Abstract: With the development of industry, the use of various organic compounds is more and more extensive, and the types of organic compounds are manifold. The large-scale use of organic compounds, especially aromatic compounds, bring much convenience to people, but at the same time, cause damage to the human body, which can lead to endocrine system diseases, nervous system diseases, and even cause visceral failure and cancer. Once the treatment is incomplete, aromatic compounds can enter the natural water with industrial wastewater, domestic wastewater and medical wastewater. Because they are difficult to degrade naturally in the natural environment, and they can accumulate conti-nuously in water, so the follow-up treatment of aromatic compounds is a problem we must face. At present, the main methods to treat organic pollutants in water include adsorption, catalytic degradation, precipitation, microbial treatment and so on. Because of the advantages of simple operation and low cost, adsorption method is one of the most widely used methods. The core of adsorption treatment is the selection of adsorption materials. Adsorption materials developed from the earliest activated carbon, zeolite, bentonite, bamboo fiber and other natural materials to the present graphene, carbon nanotubes, adsorption resin and other high-performance modified materials. Activated carbon, zeolite, bamboo fiber and other materials have a large specific surface area and rich channel structure, but due to the lack of selectivity in complex environment, they cannot absorb specific substances, and easy to achieve adsorption saturation. In addition, channels that the early materials had are often closed, which lead to the poor regeneration performance. Early materials often can only be used as disposable materials. Although the early materials have some shortcomings, but because of the low cost, they are still in large-scale use now. New graphene, carbon nanotubes and other materials further expand the advantages of traditional materials, which tend to have larger specific surface area, more abundant pores, and stronger adsorption force and so on, and make certain improvements on this basis, especially obvious improvement in regeneration performance. The new generation of adsorption materials can often be reused for more than 10 times, and some of the modification focusing on regenerative properties can even make the materials used for more than 50 times. However, the cost of synthesis and application of new generation materials is often very high, and although the selectivity has been improved to some extent, the problem of occupied adsorption sites has not been well solved in complex environments. In this paper, from the perspective of material type, the application and research progress of traditional adsorption materials, carbon materials, membrane materials and macro porous resin materials are presented respectively, in order to provide references for the development and preparation of new adsorption materials.
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2020, Vol. 34 
