Abstract: High entropy alloys (HEAs), also called multi-component alloys, are newlydesigned alloys based on multi-component concept. Although, the composition elements of HEAs are complex, they are able to form solid solutions with simple structure, and exhibit excellent performance. Accordingly, HEAs have become one of the research highlights in the field of high performance metal materials. Current researches mainly focus on the impact of the forming conditions of the solid solution, types, amounts and microstructure of components, and the annealing temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of HEAs. Furthermore, the range of enthalpy, atomic radius and valence electron concentration (VEC) of the high entropy alloy in the formation of solid solution have been also defined. Among numerous HEAs, CoCrFeNi-based alloys have received most extensive studies, which mainly aim to improve the plasticity of BCC-type alloys or strengthen the FCC-type alloys, as well as develop the eutectic high entropy alloys with favorable casting property and adaptive for mass production. Specifically, by means of reducing the grain size, heat treatment or introducing new elements, the grain boundary strengthening and precipitation of fine and dispersed second phases can be realized, thus the FCC matrix will be strengthened effectively. Besides, some alloys with low cost and high performance can be developed through alloy designing, which can be used in some parts required high performance or in preparation of high performance coatings. In the present work, the effects of Al, Cu, Ti, mn, mo, Pd, Nb elements and the synergism of two elements on the phase formation and mechanical properties of the as-cast CoCrFeNi-based high entropy alloys are reviewed.It has been found from comparison that various elements have different impact on the phase formation of high entropy alloys, due to their diverse atomic radius, electronegativity and the binding force with other elements, and then the mechanical properties of high entropy alloys will be affected. The addition of Al, Ti, mo and other elements with larger atomic radius will bring about solid solution strengthening and thus increase the hardness of the alloy. meanwhile, the addition of Al element will result in the second phase strengthening owing to the formation of the ordered B2 phase, and some of the alloys may form the eutectic high entropy alloys as well. Ti and mo are prone to form complex compounds because of their more negative mixing enthalpy with other elements, which makes the alloy become brittle. While the mixing enthalpy of Cu with other elements are more positive, leading to the interdendritic precipitation of Cu-rich phase in preferential. The change of mn content in as-cast state does not affect the crystal structure of the alloy, presenting FCC-type phases. After aging treatment, a small number of σ phase precipitate in the alloy with high mn content. With the addition of Nb, there is a increase in strength of the alloy accompanied by the alloy embrittlement, because of the appearance of the Laves phase. In addition, the saturated magnetization after the addition of Pb and the corrosion resistance of some other alloys are also reviewed. This review is expected to provide useful information for the composition designing and research of high entropy alloys.
孙娅, 吴长军, 刘亚, 彭浩平, 苏旭平. 合金元素对CoCrFeNi基高熵合金相组成和力学性能影响的研究现状[J]. 材料导报, 2019, 33(7): 1169-1173.
SUN Ya, WU Changjun, LIU Ya, PENG Haoping, SU Xuping. Impact of Alloying Elements on the Phase Composition and mechanical Properties of the CoCrFeNi-based High Entropy Alloys: a Review. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(7): 1169-1173.
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2019, Vol. 33 
