Abstract: A series of PVA fiber-reinforced cement-based composite (PVA-ECC), differing in 12 mm-long PVA fiber’s volume fraction, were prepared by using fine aggregate of iron tailings and substituting a domestic matrix material for natural sand. And the influence of the PVA fiber volume fraction on the mechanical properties of PVA-ECC was investigated. The experimental results confirmed that the working performance and basic mechanical properties of PVA-ECC were stable, and the preparation process met the requirements. The fiber volume fraction did not exert obvious effect on the improvement of the compressive strength of PVA-ECC. When the fiber volume fraction was 1.6%—2%, the integrity of PVA-ECC was good after destruction, the best result was 2%. However, the excessive PVA fibers would reduce their compressive strength. The PVA fiber volume fraction had a significant effect on the toughness of PVA-ECC. When the fiber volume fraction was 1.6%—2%, the toughness increased obviously, the best result was 2%, which ultimate load and the bending strength reached the peak values and the bending toughness index increased significantly. The phenomenon of multiple cracking occurred with the characteristics of ductile failure before the sample destruction, and the PVA-ECC could be determined as a ductile material by the toughness index method.
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