Abstract: In recent years, with the development of industrial technology,the requirements for efficient heat transfer technology are also gradually increasing in energy, chemical, automobile and solar collector fields. The development of lightweight and miniaturization of equipment requires sufficient heat transfer capacity under the condition of volume compression. Therefore, the correct selection of heat transfer medium has become an inevitable choice. Traditional heat transfer media such as water, ethylene glycol and heat transfer oil show low thermal conductivity, thus the heat transfer capacity can’t meet the requirements of production and life. Nanofluids have attracted extensive attention due to their enhanced thermal conductivity. It is of great significance for improving resource utilization, energy saving and emission reduction to vigorously develop nanofluid enhanced heat transfer technology. A large number of studies on this technology have been gradually carried out at home and abroad. Based on the latest research progress, the whole process of “preparation-performance-mechanism-application” of nanofluids is summarized in this paper, with emphasis on the research on the stability, basic thermal physical properties and heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids.
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