Abstract: In recent years,the application of targeted nanotechnology has achieved good therapeutic effects in cancer treatment, especially the co-delivery of various anti-cancer drugs. Compared with single drug treatment, the combined application of different molecular targeted drugs has a wider treatment domain and effectively reduce adverse effects of drugs. In addition, the combination therapy of anti-cancer agents dependent on the same cell pathway decrease the dosage of each drug and enhance therapeutic effects. The aforementioned methods could reverse multi-drug resistance to a certain extent. However, combined administration is limited due to inconsistent cellular uptake caused by pharmacokinetic differences of different drugs. The therapeutic effects are closely related to the relative concentration of the combined drugs. A certain proportion of drug combinations could produce synergistic effect, while other proportions may be additive effect or antagonistic effect. At present, the nanocarriers, including liposomes, polymer micelles, polymer vesicles, dendrimers, hydrogels and inorganic nanoparticles have been demonstrated to deliver anti-cancer agents in various tumor models. These nanocarriers could improve serum stability, enhance biocompatibility and prolong in vivo circulation time. In the present review, we will highlight the co-delivery principle of anti-cancer drugs, the types of co-delivery carriers, two kinds of liposomes on the CombiPlex platform whose clinical trials have been completed, and three kinds of classical co-delivery drug systems that are still in preclinical research, including doxorubicin and paclitaxel co-delivery systems, paclitaxel and cisplatin co-delivery systems, doxorubicin and curcumin co-delivery systems. These emerging strategies promise reference and novel ideas for more combinatorial regimens.
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