高硫含量正极在锂硫电池中的研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.21100175

材料导报

2023, Vol. 37

Issue (15): 21100175-15 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.21100175

无机非金属及其复合材料

高硫含量正极在锂硫电池中的研究进展

吴强^1,2,†, 张薇^1,†, 余创¹, 程时杰¹, 谢佳^1,*

1 华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院,武汉 430000
2 华中科技大学材料科学与工程学院,武汉 430000

Research Progress of Sulfur Cathode with High Sulfur Content for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

WU Qiang^1,2,†, ZHANG Wei^1,†, YU Chuang¹, CHENG Shijie¹, XIE Jia^1,*

1 School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China

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摘要锂硫电池具有高能量密度、原料储量丰富、低成本和环境友好等优点,有望发展为下一代实用化二次电池体系之一。然而锂硫电池中活性物质硫导电性差、多硫化物的溶解与穿梭效应及充放电过程中的体积膨胀等问题阻碍了其商业化进程。通过采用载体材料将硫限域、封装,可以一定程度上解决锂硫电池面临的以上问题。但是传统复合硫正极材料中硫含量和活性物质利用率较低,限制了高能量密度锂硫电池的发展。因此,开发具有高性能和高硫含量的复合硫正极是实现锂硫电池实用化的有效手段。本文从提高复合材料硫含量入手,综述了近年来碳-硫复合材料、过渡金属化合物-硫复合材料和有机硫三种高硫正极材料在锂硫电池中的研究进展,重点讲述了高硫材料的合成方法及其结构对硫和多硫化物的限制与动力学加速作用,并对高硫含量正极材料的未来发展方向进行了展望。

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关键词: 硫正极高硫含量碳-硫复合材料过渡金属化合物-硫复合材料有机硫

Abstract: Because of high energy density, abundant storage, low cost and environmental friendliness, lithium-sulfur batteries have been expected as one of the most promising energy storage system. However, the practical application of lithium-sulfur batteries is dramatically hindered by the problems such as poor electro-conductivity of sulfur, dissolution and shuttle effect of polysulfide and volume expansion during charging and discharging process. The above issues can be solved to a certain extent through using sulfur host to limit and encapsulate sulfur. However, the low sulfur content and active material utilization of traditional sulfur-based composite cathodes greatly limit the development of lithium-sulfur batteries with high energy density. Therefore, it is an effective means to exploit the sulfur cathode materials with high performance and high sulfur content for the practical application of lithium-sulfur batteries. Aimed at increasing the sulfur content of sulfur cathodes, this review summarizes the research progress of three kinds of sulfur-based composite materials for lithium-sulfur batteries in recent years, including carbon-sulfur composites, transition metal compounds-sulfur composites and organosulfur. The synthetic methods, chemical structure and their effect on the confinement and kinetics acceleration for sulfur and polysulfide are deeply discussed, and the future development of high sulfur content cathode materials for lithium-sulfur batteries is finally prospected.

Key words: sulfur cathodes high sulfur content carbon-sulfur composites transition metal compounds-sulfur composites organosulfur

出版日期: 2023-08-10 发布日期: 2023-08-07

ZTFLH:

O469

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金面上项目(21975087);中国博士后面上基金(2020M672337)

通讯作者: * 谢佳,2002年于北京大学获得学士学位,2008年于斯坦福大学化学系获得博士学位,现为华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院教授、博士研究生导师。国家重点基础研究计划(青年973计划)“高比能锂硫二次电池界面问题的基础研究”的首席科学家。2008—2012年在美国陶氏化学担任高级研究员,2012—2015年担任国轩高科动力能源股份公司研究院院长。目前主要研究领域为先进电化学储能材料与器件。在Science,Nature子刊、Energy & Environmental Science等权威期刊发表SCI论文150余篇,获专利授权80余项,其中发明专利50余项。xiejia@hust.edu.cn

作者简介: 吴强,2020年6月毕业于南昌航空大学,获得工学学士学位。现为华中科技大学材料科学与工程学院硕士研究生,在谢佳教授的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为锂硫电池。张薇,2010年和2013年分别获得北京理工大学学士和硕士学位,2019年于武汉大学高等研究院获得工学博士学位。现为华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院与谢佳教授合作的博士后研究员。目前主要研究领域为高性能锂硫电池。†共同第一作者

引用本文:

吴强, 张薇, 余创, 程时杰, 谢佳. 高硫含量正极在锂硫电池中的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2023, 37(15): 21100175-15.
WU Qiang, ZHANG Wei, YU Chuang, CHENG Shijie, XIE Jia. Research Progress of Sulfur Cathode with High Sulfur Content for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. Materials Reports, 2023, 37(15): 21100175-15.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.21100175 或 http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2023/V37/I15/21100175

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