Research Progress in Construction of Montmorillonite Environmental Mineral Materials
QING Yanhong1, SU Xiaoli2, WANG Yuebo3, ZHOU Qin4, WEN Ke5, MA Lingya5, CHEN Qingze5, ZHU Jianxi5
1 Hunan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences/Hunan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences-Technology Consulting Co., Ltd.,Changsha 410004, China 2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute, Jingdezhen 333001, China 3 Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China 4 Center for Water and Ecology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 5 CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
Abstract: Montmorillonite (Mnt) is a clay mineral with excellent physical and chemical properties such as nano-micron particle size, large specific surface area, special nano-layer interlayer space, and exchangeability of cations in the interlayer. It is widely distributed, abundant in reserves and low in price. Mnt is thus a good environmental material that can be used for the adsorption and removal of various pollutants in the sewage. Such as heavy metals, radionuclides, and phosphate ions, Mnt has good adsorption capacity for them. However, Mnt has poor adsorption pro-perties for weakly polar and non-polar organic pollutants due to its extremely strong hydrophilic nature, which limits its application range. A large number of researchers modified the surface properties of Mnt by intercalating, grafting and/or pillaring Mnt using suitable surfactants, silane coupling agents. These treatments not only greatly improved the adsorption capacity of Mnt for inorganic ions, but also converted its hydrophilic surface into a hydrophobic surface and changed the surface tension and contact angle. Therefore, surface modification of Mnt greatly improving its adsorption performance for organic pollutants. At present, the studies on the surface reactivity of Mnt, including surface and interlayer modification, have attracted wide attention. Researchers are continually creating new technologies and methods to expand the breadth and depth of the Mnt environmental material application. Cation exchange, intercalation, pillaring, interlayer polymerization and other treatments are used to introduce other ions or compounds into the Mnt interlayer. The modification of the structure and surface properties of Mnt change the surface and interface physical and chemical properties accordingly. The prepared new materials with different functional properties can be widely used in the field of environmental pollution repair as adsorbents, catalysts and coagulants for pollutants. This paper reviews the construction methods and progress of some major Mnt environmental mineral materials in recent years. We aim to discuss the effect of microstructure on adsorption performance, and to describe the structure-activity relationship between clay mineral structure and its adsorption performance with the hope of providing reference for the development of new and efficient environmentally friendly clay mineral environmental materials.
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2020, Vol. 34 
