碳酸化钢渣及其在建筑材料中的应用现状

doi:10.11896/cldb.19040004

材料导报

2020, Vol. 34

Issue (3): 3126-3132 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.19040004

无机非金属及其复合材料

碳酸化钢渣及其在建筑材料中的应用现状

房延凤¹,王丹²,王晴¹,孔靖勋³,常钧^2,

1 沈阳建筑大学材料科学与工程学院,沈阳 110168
2 大连理工大学土木工程学院,大连 116024
3 辽宁省交通规划设计院有限责任公司公路养护技术研发中心,沈阳 110111

A Review on Carbonation of Steel Slag and Its Application in Building Materials

FANG Yanfeng¹,WANG Dan²,WANG Qing¹,KONG Jingxun³,CHANG Jun^2,

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shenyang Jianzhu University,Shenyang 110168,China
2 School of Civil Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China
3 Highway Maintenance Technology Research and Development Center,Liaoning Provincial Transportation Planning and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110111,China

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摘要随着全球变暖越来越受到关注,温室气体二氧化碳(CO₂)的排放、捕集与储存也越来越受到重视。矿物碳酸化技术是指通过一定的技术手段加速自然界中碱性矿物与CO₂的反应,进而形成稳定的碳酸盐。该技术所得反应产物稳定,对环境无污染,是一种有潜力的CO₂储存技术。然而,自然界中天然矿物的固碳效率低、储存CO₂需要消耗大量的自然资源、成本高等缺点阻碍了矿物碳酸化技术的发展。利用钢渣等碱性工业废渣代替天然的碱性矿物来储存CO₂为减少CO₂的排放提供了一种可行的途径,同时也为工业废渣的资源化利用提供了一种全新的思路。钢渣的固碳量及碳酸化速度受诸多因素影响,近年来国内外学者在钢渣的碳酸化机理、钢渣固碳量的影响因素、提高钢渣碳酸化效率及优化碳酸化工艺参数、降低能耗等方面做了大量的工作并取得了丰硕的成果。但我国钢渣产量大,如果仅仅用钢渣碳酸化技术来固碳会增加钢渣的容重并进一步增加钢渣处理的难度,同时也会造成资源浪费。因此,众多研究者通过碳酸化养护钢渣技术制备建筑材料制品,实现钢渣的建材资源化利用,以期解决钢渣在建筑材料中应用时体积安定性不良的问题。本文从钢渣的碳酸化机理,钢渣中不同碱性矿物的固碳能力及特点,提高钢渣固碳量的措施等方面对碳酸化钢渣的研究进展进行了综述。同时着重介绍了碳酸化钢渣在建筑材料领域中的应用及碳酸化养护对钢渣制品及钢渣混凝土力学性能和微观结构的影响,分析了碳酸化钢渣在建筑材料中应用的前景、技术难点、挑战。

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关键词: 二氧化碳(CO₂) 碳酸化钢渣力学性能微观结构建筑材料

Abstract: As global warming receives more and more attention, greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, capture and storage are also receiving increasing attention. Mineral carbonation technology refers to the acceleration reaction between alkaline minerals in nature with CO₂ to form stable carbonates by specific technology. It has became a promising CO₂ storage technology due to the stable and environmentally friendly carbonation products. However, natural minerals show low carbonation activity and low CO₂ uptake. In addition, CO₂ emitted from fossil fuel combustion requires a large amount of natural resources and high energy to form carbonates. The above-mentioned disadvantages hinder the development of mineral carbonation technology. Alkaline industrial waste such as steel slag is proposed to replace natural alkaline minerals for mineral carbonation. It provides a feasible way to reduce CO₂ emissions, and also provides a new resolution for the utilization of industrial waste.
The CO₂ uptake and carbonation rate of steel slag are affected by many factors. In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have done a lot of work to explore carbonation mechanism of steel slag, optimize the parameters of carbonation process, increase CO₂ uptake, reduce energy consumption, and have achieved fruitful results. However, China produces a large amount of steel slag every year and the utilization is limited. If steel slag is only used for CO₂ capture, it will increase the bulk density of steel slag and further increase the difficulty of steel slag treatment, and in addition, steel slag cannot be used efficiently. Therefore, many researchers have developed a carbonation curing technology to prepare building materials to realize the utilization of steel slag, in order to solve the problem of poor volume stability when steel slag is applied in building materials.
Carbonation mechanism of steel slag, carbon sequestration ability and characteristics of different alkaline minerals in steel slag, and the mea-sures to increase carbon sequestration of steel slag are reviewed in this paper. In addition, the application of carbonated steel slag in building materials and the effects of carbonation on the mechanical properties and microstructure of steel slag are introduced. The prospects, technical difficulties and challenges of applying carbonated steel slag in building materials are discussed.

Key words: carbon dioxide (CO₂) carbonation steel slag mechanical properties microstructure building materials

发布日期: 2020-01-03

ZTFLH:

TU528

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(51808354);辽宁省自然科学基金(20180550127);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2018M641712);硅酸盐建筑材料国家重点实验室开放基金(武汉理工大学)

通讯作者: mlchang@dlut.edu.cn

作者简介: 房延凤,博士,沈阳建筑大学材料科学与工程学院讲师。2017年博士毕业于大连理工大学。主要从事工业废渣建材资源化利用及特种水泥方面的研究,近年来主持国家自然科学基金项目1项,辽宁省自然科学基金,辽宁省高等学校基本科研项目等省部级项目4项,参与国家自然科学基金项目等省部级以上项目3项,在碳酸化养护钢渣方向发表论文10余篇;常钧,大连理工大学教授、博士研究生导师。主要从事特种水泥与混凝土、废渣综合利用及水泥基功能材料等方面的研究。参加和主持完成国家863、国家973、国家科技支撑计划、国家自然科学基金和省部级的科研项目10余项;获得包括国家技术发明二等奖、国家建材行业科技进步二等奖、山东省科技进步一等奖、山东省技术发明一等奖等在内的国家级和省部级科技奖励7项。2005年获“山东省优秀青年知识分子”称号,2010年获得山东省青年科技奖;2010年入选教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划。

引用本文:

房延凤,王丹,王晴,孔靖勋,常钧. 碳酸化钢渣及其在建筑材料中的应用现状[J]. 材料导报, 2020, 34(3): 3126-3132.
FANG Yanfeng,WANG Dan,WANG Qing,KONG Jingxun,CHANG Jun. A Review on Carbonation of Steel Slag and Its Application in Building Materials. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(3): 3126-3132.

链接本文:

http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.19040004 或 http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2020/V34/I3/3126

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