Single Atom Photocatalysts: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications in the Fields of Environment and Energy
LI Huihui1,ZHANG Yuanzheng1,DAI Yunrong2,YU Yanxin1,YIN Lifeng1,
1 State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control,School of Environment,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China 2 School of Water Resources and Environment,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China
Abstract: The green and clean photocatalytic process can degrade pollutants and produce energy, which is an important means to solve environment and energy problems. However, it is difficult to realize large-scale application due to the cost and efficiency of photocatalytic materials. In recent years, the emergence and development of single atom photocatalyst have injected new vitality into this field, and the research on its synthesis, characte-rization and application has become a hotspot in many fields such as materials, chemistry, environment and energy. Compared with traditional supported catalyst, the metal particle dispersion on the surface of the single atom photocatalyst is atomic. Single atom photocatalyst can present a higher catalytic activity and selectivity, but there are still many challenges remaining in synthesis strategy, characte-rization and application way: main obstacle in the synthesis process lies in that high surface energy can lead to the instability of single atom. Traditional characterization techniques also lack the ability to analyze the morphology, structure and chemical environment of the single atom. At pre-sent, the research on the application of single atom photocatalyst is mostly an extension of the traditional research field. These problems become the key shackle of its development, but also the focus of the research in this field. Oversea and domestic researchers have made a great effort in the synthesis, characterization and application of single atom photocatalytic materials and achieved a lot of great results: (ⅰ) in terms of synthesis, to solve the reunite problem of single atom, researches have improved the traditional synthesis strategy, such as liquid-phase synthesis, atomic layer deposition etc. And advanced synthesis methods such as pyrolysis, flame spray pyrolysis and electrostatic self-assembly have been introduced. (ⅱ) In terms of characterization, the development of advanced ato-mic scale analysis techniques such as spherical aberration correction high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM), X-ray absorption fine structure spectrum (XAFs), and density functional theory (DFT) can contribute to the in-depth understanding of the morphology and chemical structure of isolated metal atom. (ⅲ) Single atom photocatalyst has been successfully applied in the fields of photohydrolysis of water for hydrogen evolution, photocatalytic reduction of CO2, degradation of environmental pollutants and synthesis of ammonia, etc. The above achievements promote the research of photocatalytic materials and catalytic theory to the atomic level and make it more practical. In this paper, synthesis methods, characterization techniques and applications of single atom photocatalysts in the field of environment and energy are reviewed. At the same time, the existing problems in the research of single atom photocatalytic materials are summarized. At last, to provide reference for the theoretical research and application of single atom photocatalyst, the future development trend of single atom photocatalyst is prospected.
李惠惠,张圆正,代云容,于艳新,殷立峰. 单原子光催化剂的合成、表征及在环境与能源领域的应用[J]. 材料导报, 2020, 34(3): 3056-3068.
LI Huihui,ZHANG Yuanzheng,DAI Yunrong,YU Yanxin,YIN Lifeng. Single Atom Photocatalysts: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications in the Fields of Environment and Energy. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(3): 3056-3068.
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