Analysis and Evaluation of Aging Resistance of Organic Bonding Materials Commonly Used in Pottery Cultural Relics
SHI Pei1, JIA Weiming1, CHEN Le1, ZHEN Gang2, MA Tao1,2, ZHANG Xin3, WANG Fen1, ZHU Jianfeng1, ZHANG Biao1,*, LI Doudou1
1 Key Laboratory of Materials and Technology for Unearthed Cultural Heritage Conservation, Ministry of Education, School of Conservation Science and Technology for Cultural Heritage, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China 2 Shaanxi Institute of Cultural Relics Protection, Xi’an 710075, China 3 Qianling Mausoleum, Xianyang 713300, Shaanxi, China
摘要 陶质文物是我国文化遗产的重要组成部分,其历史、艺术、科学价值丰富。出土陶质文物多残断,需要使用粘接性能优异的材料对其进行修复保护。本研究以秦东陵土为原料模拟制备陶质文物,以反应型树脂(环氧树脂)、水溶型合成树脂(Primal SF 016)和溶剂型合成树脂(B72)对样品进行粘接,分别在干热、湿热、紫外线辐照和低温等条件下对其进行老化,分析老化前后样品的微观形貌、化学键、力学性能等,从而对三种材料的耐老化性能进行综合评价。结果表明:环氧树脂综合性能最佳,具有良好的抗热、抗湿和抗冻性能,但耐紫外光照射性能差,适用于室内环境中的陶质文物修复;Primal SF 016耐热性能良好,但容易受高湿、低温和紫外光照射的影响,适用于室内干燥环境;B72的性能与Primal SF 016相近,但综合耐老化性能更优,适用于室内陶质文物修复。
Abstract: Pottery cultural relics are an important part of Chinese cultural heritage, possessing rich historical, artistic, and scientific value. Many excavated pottery cultural relics are often found broken and require materials with excellent adhesive properties for their restoration and conservation. This study used soil from the Qin Dongling as a raw material to simulate the preparation of ceramic cultural relics. The samples were bonded using reactive resin (epoxy resin), water-soluble synthetic resin (Primal SF 016), and solvent-based synthetic resin (B72). The samples were then subjected to aging under conditions of dry heat, humid heat, ultraviolet radiation, and low temperature. The microstructure, chemical bonds, and mechanical properties of the samples were tested before and after aging to comprehensively evaluate the aging resistance of the three materials. The results show that epoxy resin has the best comprehensive performance, good heat resistance, moisture resistance and frost resistance, but poor ultraviolet radiation resistance, making it suitable for the restoration of pottery cultural relics in indoor environments. Primal SF 016 has good heat resistance but is easily affected by high humidity, low temperature, and ultraviolet radiation, making it suitable for dry indoor environments. B72 has similar properties to Primal SF 016 but with better overall aging resistance, making it suitable for the restoration of indoor pottery cultural relics.
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2025, Vol. 39 
