增材制造316L不锈钢组织结构特征与硬化机理

doi:10.11896/cldb.22060103

材料导报

2024, Vol. 38

Issue (3): 22060103-6 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.22060103

金属与金属基复合材料

增材制造316L不锈钢组织结构特征与硬化机理

刘源, 寇浩南, 何怡清, 尤瑞昶, 张鑫, 滕居珩, 李尧^*, 张凤英

长安大学材料科学与工程学院,西安 710064

Microstructural Characteristics and Hardening Mechanism of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steels

LIU Yuan, KOU Haonan, HE Yiqing, YOU Ruichang, ZHANG Xin, TENG Juheng, LI Yao^*, ZHANG Fengying

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China

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摘要通过电弧送丝技术(WAAM)、激光同轴送粉(DED)以及激光选区熔化(SLM)增材制造技术制备出含有不同胞晶/枝晶尺寸的316L不锈钢,揭示了枝晶/胞状结构的形成及对力学性能的影响。结果表明:WAAM、DED和SLM试样的胞晶/枝晶尺寸依次减小,对应的冷却速率依次增大。同时,在WAAM和DED样品中枝晶/胞晶间区域发现骨状δ铁素体以及Cr、Mo的富集,但在SLM样品中未观察到以上现象,这主要是因为SLM过程中的高冷却速率显著抑制了δ铁素体的形成和元素偏析。WAAM、DED、SLM样品的显微硬度依次增加,其硬化机制与凝固胞状结构尺寸密切相关,且增材制造过程的热应力导致的高密度位错也对硬度有一定贡献。

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	刘源
	寇浩南
	何怡清
	尤瑞昶
	张鑫
	滕居珩
	李尧
	张凤英

关键词: 金属增材制造胞状结构硬化机理

Abstract: 316L stainless steels with dendritic/cellular structure in various sizes were prepared by different additive manufacturing technologies, that is, wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), directed energy deposition (DED), and laser selective melting (SLM). The formation mec-hanism of dendritic/cellular structure and its influence on the mechanical properties were studied. The results show that the cell/dendrite size progressively decreases in WAAM, DED, and SLM, due to the increase in cooling rates. Meanwhile, bone-like δ ferrites and pronounced enrichment of Cr and Mo are observed in the intercellular/interdendritic regions of the WAAM and DED samples, whereas such phenomena are absent in the SLM sample, because the high cooling rate during SLM significantly suppressed the formation of δ ferrites and element segregation. The microhardness of WAAM, DED, and SLM samples increased progressively, and the hardening mechanism is highly related to the solidification cellular/dendrite size as well as the high density of dislocations induced by the thermal stresses during the additive manufacturing process.

Key words: metal additive manufacturing cellular structure hardening mechanism

出版日期: 2024-02-10 发布日期: 2024-02-19

ZTFLH:

TG142.71

基金资助: 陕西省重点研发计划(2022GY-383);长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费(300102313205);西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLSP202110)

通讯作者: *李尧,长安大学材料科学与工程学院副教授,硕士研究生导师。2018年6月获得西安交通大学材料科学与工程专业博士学位。近年来主要从事高能束(激光和电子束)焊接/增材制造镍基高温合金和难熔金属间化合物的显微组织与力学性能本构关系的研究,同时致力于同步辐射先进表征技术在材料学科的应用与软件开发。目前在国外学术刊物上发表SCl论文30余篇,包括Nature Communications、Additive Manufacturing、Applied Phy-sics Letters、Materials & Design等国际知名期刊,其中一篇人选ESI高被引论文。此外,获得已授权计算机软件著作权4项。liyaomse@chd.edu.cn

作者简介: 刘源,2020年6月毕业于华北水利水电大学,获得工学学士学位。现为长安大学材料科学与工程学院硕士研究生,在张凤英教授及李尧副教授的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为金属增材制造。

引用本文:

刘源, 寇浩南, 何怡清, 尤瑞昶, 张鑫, 滕居珩, 李尧, 张凤英. 增材制造316L不锈钢组织结构特征与硬化机理[J]. 材料导报, 2024, 38(3): 22060103-6.
LIU Yuan, KOU Haonan, HE Yiqing, YOU Ruichang, ZHANG Xin, TENG Juheng, LI Yao, ZHANG Fengying. Microstructural Characteristics and Hardening Mechanism of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steels. Materials Reports, 2024, 38(3): 22060103-6.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.22060103 或 http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2024/V38/I3/22060103

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