Research Progress on Sugar-based Melamine Formaldehyde Resin as Wood Adhesives
LIU Jinming1, ZHANG Yifu2, GAN Weixing1,2,*, MO Hailin1,3,*
1 College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541000, Guangxi, China 2 School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China 3 Resource County Tiansheng Development New Material Co., Ltd., Guilin 541400, Guangxi, China
Abstract: Melamine formaldehyde resin (MF), commonly synthesized by the polycondensation of melamine and formaldehyde under alkaline catalyst conditions, belongs to one of the three major aldehyde-based thermosetting adhesives and ranks No.3 of the adhesives with most consumption in global wood industry. MF has many excellent performances, such as strong bonding strength, high hardness, good boiling water resis-tance, excellent thermal stability, wonderful low-temperature curing ability, and outstanding wear resistance. Meanwhile, MF also has some shortcomings which have been for a long time limiting its industrial applications to some extent, e.g., brittleness, short shelf life, high price, etc. Therefore, it is of vital practical significance to seek low-cost, high-performance and eco-friendly methods of modifying MF. Sugars are a kind of natural renewable substances with low cost and wide source, and more importantly, capability of being decomposed into active monomers with hydroxyl and aldehyde groups under suitable conditions. These monomers can react with formaldehyde or amino-group, which results in reduced condensation time. The addition of sugar can also improve the toughness and thermal stability of the products, and hence is a potential method to overcome the inherent brittleness of MF. This article reviews recent research on sugar including sucrose, maltose and glucose, used as the raw materials to synthesize sugar-based melamine formaldehyde resins. It also gives detailed description about the authors’ understanding of the synthetic mechanism, and summary of bonding strength, thermal stability and free formaldehyde content of sugar-based melamine formaldehyde resins. This work is expected to provide theoretical support for the high-value utilization of sugar and the development of sugar-based melamine formaldehyde copolymer adhesives.
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2023, Vol. 37 
