Abstract: Photocatalysis plays a vital role in counteracting worldwide environmental pollution and energy shortage because it can use solar energy for photocatalytic degradation of pollutants, photocatalytic hydrogen generation, carbon dioxide storage and disinfection. The key of photocatalytic technology is to design an efficient, cost-effective and recyclable photocatalysts. However, the photocatalytic efficiency of traditional photoca-talysts is limited by their poor utilization of solar energy, low quantum yield and insufficient photochemical stability. In recent years,many methods have been developed to enhance the photocatalytic activity of semiconductor photocatalysts, including morphological control, metal or non-metal doping,heterojunction design, noble metal deposition, loading and developing novel photocatalysts. Photocatalytic processes are mainly solid-liquid reactions on the surface,thus better adsorption performance and higher surface activity are highly desirable for photocatalysts. However, the small specific surface area and poor adsorption capacity lead to the low efficiency of many photocatalysts. In addition, most photocatalysts tend to agglomerate and difficult to separate and recover, which hinder their large-scale applications.In the last decades, many efforts have been devoted to fabricating rectorite-based photocatalysts,the large specific surface area, excellent ion exchange performance and stable structure of rectorite making it possible to solve the problems of poor adsorption and separation of conventional photocatalysts, thus improve photocatalytic efficiency.Additionally, the unique layered structure of rectorite may facilitate the photocatalytic reactions. Till now,numerous cost-effective, highly efficient and stable rectorite-based photocatalysts such as rectorite-supported TiO2,Bi2O3,Bi2WO6,BiOI,Bi2NbO5F,ZnO,Ag3PO4,In2O3,CdS,Cu2O and g-C3N4 have been successfully synthesized. It was found that the introduction of rectorite in the composite could effectively enhance the adsorption performance,inhibit the combination of photogenerated electrons and holes,depress photo corrosion and increase the visible light utilization of the catalysts, which promoted the practical applications of rectorite-based photocatalysts in environmental field. This article systematically reviews the research progress of rectorite-based composites in photocatalytic field, the preparation process of the rectorite-based photocatalysts has been summarized, and special emphasis is given to the mechanism of rectorite for the enhanced photocatalytic performance. Moreover, the influences of preparation and reaction conditions on the catalytic activities of the rectorite-based photocatalysts are elaborated. Finally, the development prospects of rectorite-based photocatalytic composites are given, which may provide insights into the applications of rectorite-based materials in photocatalytic field.
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2020, Vol. 34 
