Core-Shell Structured Catalysts with Platinum Skin for Fuel Cells: the State-of-the-art Methodological Advances in Fabrication and Nanostructure Control
SUN Peichuan1, WEI Qingmao1, ZHANG Yuzhen1, YANG Xikun2, WANG Jianhua2
1 College of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093; 2 Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093
Abstract: At present, the catalyst is the crucial obstacle to the massive commercialization of the fuel cells, and underscores the urgency of seeking effective methods to simultaneously decrease platinum loading amount (determining the catalyst cost) and improve the activity. And the core-shell nanostructures with platinum skin offers a favorable candidate route. The present review renders a retrospective summary of the fabrication methods reported in the past two decades for the core-shell structured Pt-M catalyst, including seed growth, de-alloying, electrochemical deposition, with focus on the preparation of structures with non-precious metal core (M@Pt, M = Ni, Co, Cu, Fe). Finally, we discuss prudently the precise control and design scheme for the core-shell nanostructures, and are looking forward to benefit the development and innovation of the core-shell platinum-based catalysts.
1 Bing Y, Liu H, Zhang L, et al. ChemInform abstract: Nanostructured Pt-alloy electrocatalysts for PEM fuel cell oxygen reduction reaction[J].Chemical Society Reviews,2010,39(6):2184. 2 Cui C, Gan L, Heggen M,et al. Compositional segregation in shaped Pt alloy nanoparticles and their structural behaviour during electrocatalysis[J].Nature Materials,2013,12(8):765. 3 Sui S, Wang X, Zhou X,et al. A comprehensive review of Pt electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction: Nanostructure, activity, mechanism and carbon support in PEM fuel cells[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2017,5:1808. 4 Colic V, Bandarenka A S. Pt-alloy electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction: From model surfaces to nanostructured systems[J].ACS Catalysis,2016,6(8):5378. 5 Liu Bin, Liao Shijun,Liang Zhenxing.Core-shell structure: The best way to achieve low-Pt fuel cell electrocatalysts[J].Progress in Che-mistry,2011(5):852(in Chinese). 刘宾,廖世军,梁振兴.核壳结构:燃料电池中实现低铂电催化剂的最佳途径[J].化学进展,2011(5):852. 6 Mazumder V, Chi M, More K L, et al. Synthesis and characterization of multimetallic Pd/Au and Pd/Au/FePt core/shell nanoparticles[J].Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2010,122(49):9558. 7 Mazumder V, Chi M, More K L, et al. Core/shell Pd/FePt nano-particles as an active and durable catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2010,132(23):7848. 8 Godínez-Salomón F, Hallen-López M, Solorza-Feria O. Enhanced electroactivity for the oxygen reduction on Ni@Pt core-shell nanoca-talysts[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2012,37(19):14902. 9 Zhu H, Li X, Wang F. Synthesis and characterization of Cu@Pt/C core-shell structured catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cell[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2011,36(15):9151. 10 Ali S, Ahmed R,Sohail M, et al. Co@Pt core-shell nanoparticles supported on carbon nanotubes as promising catalyst for methanol electro-oxidation[J].Journal of Industrial & Engineering Chemistry,2015,28:344. 11 Ahrenstorf K, Heller H, Kornowski A, et al. Nucleation and growth mechanism of NixPt1-x nanoparticles[J].Advanced Functional Materials,2008,18(23):3850. 12 Sarkar A, Manthiram A. Synthesis of Pt@Cu core-shell nanoparticles by galvanic displacement of Cu by Pt4+ ions and their application as electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells[J].The Journal of Physical Chemistry C,2010,114(10):4725. 13 Hwang E T, Lee Y W, Park H C, et al. Synthesis of Pt-rich@Pt-Ni alloy core-shell nanoparticles using halides[J].RSC Advances,2015,5(11):8301. 14 Zhang Haiyan, Cao Chunhui, Zhao Jian, et al. Recent development of Pt-based core-shell structured electrocatalysts in fuel cells[J].Chinese Journal of Catalysis,2012,33(2):222(in Chinese). 张海艳,曹春晖,赵健,等.燃料电池Pt基核壳结构电催化剂的最新研究进展[J].催化学报,2012,33(2):222. 15 Lim B, Wang J, Camargo P H, et al. Facile synthesis of bimetallic nanoplates consisting of Pd cores and Pt shells through seeded epitaxial growth[J].Nano Letters,2008,8(8):2535. 16 Jiang M, Lim B, Tao J, et al. Epitaxial overgrowth of platinum on palladium nanocrystals[J].Nanoscale,2010,2(11):2406. 17 Zhang H, Jin M, Wang J, et al. Nanocrystals composed of alternating shells of Pd and Pt can be obtained by sequentially adding diffe-rent precursors[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2011,133(27):10422. 18 Yang Z, Zhang Y, Wang J, et al. First-principles study on the Ni@Pt12 Ih core-shell nanoparticles: A good catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction[J].Physics Letters A,2011,375(35):3142. 19 Chen Y, Liang Z, Yang F, et al. Ni-Pt core-shell nanoparticles as oxygen reduction electrocatalysts: Effect of Pt shell coverage[J].Journal of Physical Chemistry C,2012,115(115):24073. 20 Koenigsmann C, Santulli A C, Gong K, et al. Enhanced electrocatalytic performance of processed, ultrathin, supported Pd-Pt core-shell nanowire catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2011,133(25):9783. 21 Duan D, Liu S, Yang C, et al. Electrocatalytic performance of Ni core @ Pt shell/C core-shell nanoparticle with the Pt in nanoshell[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2013,38(33):14261. 22 Zhao Tiantian, Lin Rui, Zhang Lu, et al. Effects of Pt content on the catalytic performance of Co@Pt/C core-shell structured electrocatalysts[J].Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica,2013,29(8):1745(in Chinese). 赵天天,林瑞,张路,等.Pt含量对Co@Pt/C核壳结构催化剂性能的影响[J].物理化学学报,2013,29(8):1745. 23 Zhang S, Hao Y, Su D, et al. Monodisperse core/shell Ni/FePt nanoparticles and their conversion to Ni/Pt to catalyze oxygen reduction[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2014,136(45):15921. 24 Sneed B T, Young A P, Jalalpoor D, et al. Shaped Pd-Ni-Pt core-sandwich-shell nanoparticles:Influence of Ni sandwich layers on catalytic electrooxidations[J].ACS Nano,2014,8(7):7239. 25 Wang X, Vara M I, Luo M, et al. Pd@Pt core-shellconcave decahedra: A class of catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction with enhanced activity and durability[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2015,137(47):15036. 26 Oezaslan M, Hasché F, Strasser P. Pt-based core-shell catalyst architectures for oxygen fuel cell electrodes[J].Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters,2013,4(19):3273. 27 Koh S, Strasser P. Electrocatalysis on bimetallic surfaces: Modifying catalytic reactivity for oxygen reduction by voltammetric surface dealloying[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2007,129(42):12624. 28 Srivastava R, Mani P, Hahn N, et al. Efficient oxygen reduction fuel cell electrocatalysis on voltammetrically dealloyed Pt-Cu-Co na-noparticles[J].Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2007,46(47):8988. 29 Mani P, Srivastava R, Strasser P. Dealloyed binary PtM3 (M=Cu, Co, Ni) and ternary PtNi3M (M=Cu, Co, Fe, Cr) electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction: Performance in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells[J].Journal of Power Sources,2011,196(2):666. 30 Strasser P, Koh S, Anniyev T, et al. Lattice-strain control of the activity in dealloyed core-shell fuel cell catalysts[J].Nature Chemistry,2010,2(6):454. 31 Neyerlin K C, Srivastava R, Strasser P. Flutamide/leuprorelin:First report of squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate: Case report[J].ECS Transactions,2008,16(2):5. 32 Neyerlin K C, Srivastava R, Yu C, et al. Electrochemical activity and stability of dealloyed Pt-Cu and Pt-Cu-Co electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR)[J].Journal of Power Sources,2009,186(2):261. 33 Gan L, Heggen M, Rudi S,et al. Core-shell compositional fine structures of dealloyed PtxNi1-x nanoparticles and their impact on oxygen reduction catalysis[J].Nano Letters,2012,12:5423. 34 Han B, Carlton C, Kongkanand A, et al. Record activity and stability of dealloyed bimetallic catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells[J].Energy & Environmental Science,2014,8(1):258. 35 Luo M, Wei L, Wang F, et al. Gram-level synthesis of core-shell structured catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in proton exchange membrane fuel cells[J].Journal of Power Sources,2014,270(3):34. 36 Wu Y, Wang D, Zhou G, et al. Sophisticated construction of Au islands on Pt-Ni:An ideal trimetallic nanoframe catalyst[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2014,136(33):11594. 37 Ahmadi M, Behafarid F, Cui C, et al. Long-range segregation phenomena in shape-selected bimetallic nanoparticles:Chemical state effects[J].ACS Nano,2015,7(10):9195. 38 Wang C, Chi M, Li D, et al. Design and synthesis of bimetallic electrocatalyst with multilayered Pt-skin surfaces[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2011,133(36):14396. 39 Stamenkovic V, Mun B S, Mayrhofer K J, et al. Changing the acti-vity of electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction by tuning the surface electronic structure[J].Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2006,45(18):2897. 40 Stamenkovic V R, Mun B S, Arenz M, et al. Trends in electrocatalysis on extended and nanoscale Pt-bimetallic alloy surfaces[J].Nature Materials,2007,6(3):241. 41 Stamenkovic V R, Fowler B, Mun B S, et al. Improved oxygen reduction activity on Pt3Ni(111) via increased surface site availability[J].Science,2007,315(5811):493. 42 Wang C, Chi M, Wang G, et al. Correlation between surface che-mistry and electrocatalytic proper-ties of monodisperse PtxNi1-x nanoparticles[J].Advanced Functional Materials,2011,21:147. 43 Kuttiyiel K A, Choi Y M, Hwang S M, et al. Enhancement of the oxygen reduction on nitride stabilized Pt-M (M=Fe, Co, and Ni) core-shell nanoparticle electrocatalysts[J].Nano Energy,2015,13(15):442. 44 Oh A, Baik H, Choi D S, et al. Skeletal octahedral nanoframe with Cartesian coordinates via geometrically precise nanoscale phase segregation in a Pt@Ni core-shell nanocrystal[J].ACS Nano,2015,9(3):2856. 45 Wang J X, Inada H, et al. Oxygen reduction on well-defined core-shell nanocatalysts:Particle size, facet, and Pt shell thickness effects[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2009,131(47):17298. 46 Ghosh T, Vukmirovic M B, Disalvo F J, et al. Intermetallics as novel supports for Pt monolayer O2 reduction electrocatalysts: Potential for significantly improving properties[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2010,132(3):906. 47 Knupp S L, Vukmirovic M B, Haldar P, et al. Platinum monolayer electrocatalysts for O2 reduction: Pt monolayer on carbon-supported PdIr nanoparticles[J].Electrocatalysis,2010,1(4):213. 48 Kuttiyiel K A, Sasaki K, Choi Y M, et al. Bimetallic IrNi core platinum monolayer shell electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction[J].Energy & Environmental Science,2011,5(5):5297. 49 Karan H I, Sasaki K, Kuttiyiel K, et al. Catalytic activity of platinum monolayer on iridium and rhenium alloy nanoparticles for the oxygen reduction reaction[J].ACS Catalysis,2012,2(5):817. 50 Kuttiyiel K A, Choi Y M, et al. Tuning electrocatalytic activity of Pt monolayer shell by bimetallic Ir-M(M=Fe, Co, Ni or Cu) cores for the oxygen reduction reaction[J].Nano Energy,2016,29:216. 51 Gong K, Su D, Adzic R R. Platinum-monolayer shell on AuNi(0.5)Fe nanoparticle core electrocatalyst with high activity and stability for the oxygen reduction reaction[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2010,132:14364. 52 Vukmirovic M B, Zhang J, Sasaki K, et al. Platinum monolayer electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction[J].Electrochimica Acta,2005,52(6):2257. 53 Tian X, Luo J, Nan H, et al. Transition metal nitride coated with atomic layers of Pt as a low-cost, highly stable electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2016,138(5):1575. 54 Sasaki K, Naohara H, Choi Y, et al. Highly stable Pt monolayer on PdAu nanoparticle electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction[J].Nature Communications,2012,3(3):1115. 55 Xu Y, Dong Y, Shi J, et al. Au@Pt core-shell nanoparticles supported on multiwalled carbon nanotubes for methanol oxidation[J].Catalysis Communications,2011,13(1):54. 56 Wang L, Yamauchi Y. Autoprogrammed synthesis of triple-layered Au@Pd@Pt core-shell nanoparticles consisting of a Au@Pd bimetallic core and nanoporous Pt shell[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2010,132(39):13636.57 Lyu Yang, Song Yujiang, Liu Huiyuan, et al. Pd-containing core/Pt-based shell structured electrocatalysts[J].Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica,2017,33(2):283(in Chinese). 吕洋,宋玉江,刘会园,等.内核含Pd的Pt基核壳结构电催化剂[J].物理化学学报,2017,33(2):283. 58 Varade D, Haraguchi K. Clay-supported novel bimetallic core-shell Co-Pt and Ni-Pt nanocrystals with high catalytic activities[J].Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics,2014,16(47):25770. 59 Kinoshita K. Particle size effects for oxygen reduction on highly dispersed platinum in acid electrolytes[J].Journal of the Electrochemical Society,1990,137(3):845. 60 Zhang L, Roling L T, Wang X, et al. Platinum-based nanocages withsubnanometer-thick walls and well-defined, controllable facets[J].Science,2015,349(6246):412. 61 Zhao R, Liu Y, Liu C, et al. Pd@Pt core-shell tetrapods as highly active and stable electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2014,2(48):20855. 62 Zhang L, Iyyamperumal R, Yancey D F, et al. Design of Pt-shell nanoparticles with alloy cores for the oxygen reduction reaction[J].ACS Nano,2013,7(10):9168. 63 Wang G, Huang B, Xiao L, et al. Pt skin on AuCu intermetallic substrate: A strategy to maximize Pt utilization for fuel cells[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2014,136(27):9643. 64 Liu L, Samjeske G, Nagamatsu S, et al. Enhanced oxygen reduction reaction activity and characterization of Pt-Pd/C bimetallic fuel cell catalysts with Pt-enriched surfaces in acid media[J].Journal of Physical Chemistry C,2012,116(44):23453. 65 Yu C, Koh S, Leisch J E, et al. Size and composition distribution dynamics of alloy nanoparticle electrocatalysts probed by anomalous small angle X-ray scattering (ASAXS)[J].Faraday Discuss,2009,140:283.
渝公网安备50019002502923号 版权所有：《材料导报》编辑部
2018, Vol. 32 
