Research Status in Light-weight High-entropy Alloys
LI Meng1, YANG Chengbo1, ZHANG Jing1,*, ZHENG Kaihong2
1 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China 2 Guangdong Institute of Materials and Processing, Guangzhou 510651, China
Abstract: As a brand-new type of multi-principal component solid solution alloy, high-entropy alloys (HEAs) have drawn widely attention of researchers due to their unique alloy design concept and amazing performances, which has become a hot spot in current material research. Among them, light-weight high-entropy alloys (LWHEAs) are thought to be a novel kind of light-weight alloy materials developed based on the light-weight design of HEAs. They feature high specific strength and excellent specific hardness in general, which is superior to most traditional lightweight alloys, implicating great application potential in the fields of aerospace, energy transportation and electronic communication. However, the current research of LWHEAs is still at an exploratory stage, and two stern challenges encountered in developing LWHEAs: (ⅰ)in terms of the alloy design, most LWHEAs are developed by a trial-and-error method based on the empirical criteria of traditional HEAs consist of transition metal elements, and reliable methods for guiding the design of LWHEAs are not available; (ⅱ) in terms of the preparation technology, it is difficult to produce bulk LWHEA materials with simple microstructures and exceptional properties by using the current preparation methods. Hitherto, almost 100 kinds of LWHEAs have been explored experimentally by researchers. And they have been striving to search for suitable empirical criteria for predicting the phase structure of LWHEAs, which involving many thermos-physical parameters such as the mixing entropy (ΔSmix), the mixing enthalpy(ΔHmix), the atom radius difference(δ), and the valence electron concentration(VEC).More recently, the use of computer simulation methods to assist LWHEA design begins to develop gradually and shows apparent advantages, for instance, utilizing phase diagram calculation (CALPHAD) and first-principles calculation (DFT) to predict the phase formation and phase transition of LWHEAs. Although the vacuum casting provides a simple route to obtain bulk LWHEAs, many LWHEAs prepared from which display a multi-phased microstructure. Works in the past years have established a new avenue to overcome the complex microstructures, by introducing mechanical alloying process, which have successfully achieved the reduced tendency of alloys to form complex phases such as intermetallic compounds (IM), and produced LWHEAs with simpler phase constitutions. Besides, although most as-cast LWHEAs generally manifest complex multi-phased microstructure with poor plasticity, the Al-rich (or Mg-rich) LWHEAs,according to the existing data, form simple microstructures very often with a dominated solid solution (SS) phase and traces of IM phase, and in consequence show the potential for a good combination of strength and ductility. In this review, according to the current research status in LWHEAs, the light elements selection rule is first summarized. Also, the recent deve-lopment of LWHEAs including alloy design methods, preparation processes, microstructures and properties are summed up. In addition, the empirical phase formation rules about LWHEAs design also are analyzed in details, especially, the phase formation rules suitable to Ⅰ-type and Ⅱ-type LWHEAs respectively are proposed, which is supposed to guide future LWHEAs design. Finally, the main problems of LWHEAs are discussed and future research directions in LWHEAs are suggested.
作者简介: 李萌,2017年7月毕业于西安工业大学,获得工学学士学位。现为重庆大学材料科学与工程学院硕士研究生,在张静教授的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为轻质高熵合金材料。 张静,博士,重庆大学教授、博士研究生导师。国家万人计划科技创新领军人才,科技部创新人才推进计划中青年科技创新领军人才,国家百千万人才,国务院政府特殊津贴专家,教育部新世纪优秀人才,第十届“中国青年科技奖”和重庆市首届杰青获得者。担任重庆大学国家镁合金材料工程技术研究中心副主任、重庆材料学会副理事长、中国材料研究学会镁分会常务理事、全国金属热成型标准委员会委员,中国金属学会青委会理事,Elsevier期刊Journal of Magnesium and Alloys(SCI)编委。主要从事轻质金属结构材料的基础研究和应用开发。先后主持和完成国家和省部级科研项目30余项,发表论文120余篇,获得授权国家发明专利20余项,制订ISO 国际标准1项、国家标准9项,建立3个镁合金新牌号。以第1、2完成人获国家科技进步二等奖1项、省部级科技进步一等奖2项、省部级自然科学二等奖2项。
引用本文:
李萌, 杨成博, 张静, 郑开宏. 轻质高熵合金的研究现状[J]. 材料导报, 2020, 34(21): 21125-21134.
LI Meng, YANG Chengbo, ZHANG Jing, ZHENG Kaihong. Research Status in Light-weight High-entropy Alloys. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(21): 21125-21134.
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2020, Vol. 34 
