Overview of Preparation of Stretchable Conductors by Printing
YAN Meijia1,2, GU Lingya1, LIU Jianghao1, XIN Zhiqing1,2
1 Printing and Packaging Engineering College, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China 2 Beijing Printed Electronics Engineering Research Center, Beijing 102600, China
Abstract: Wearable electronic device can be used in electronic skin, human motion monitoring, medical and health industry, it becomes one of research hotspots in the field of printed electronics. However, the unobtrusiveness of wearable electronic devices is an important challenge for wearable electronic applications. Stretchable conductor is the key technology to minimize the unobtrusiveness of wearable electronic devices. According to the preparation method, stretchable conductors can be divided into two categories. One is directly use of the essential and stretc-hable functional materials to achieve reliable conductance to resist strain. The mechanical stability of conductive networks can be improved by mixing conductive fillers with elastic polymers or embedding them into elastic substrates, and the conductive components are difficult to fall off from the substrates. The conductors fabricated by this method have limited tensile properties (generally less than 30% deformation, resistance will be increased by more than two times if more than 40% deformation), or poor electrical conductivity due to the presence of a large number of insulating elastic polymers. The other is to integrate the elements with different functions by structure design to obtain reliable conductance against strain. It includes connecting micro-electronic structures to form island-bridge structures by stretchable wires, or designing open grid structures to achieve stretchability by in-plane rotation. This method can withstand large strains by structure deformation, and is not essentially stretchable. However, the design and manufacture of structure are complicated, and the original morphology cannot be completely restored after repeated stretching. Thus its electrical conductivity and mechanical tensile stability is limited. Therefore, the development of stretchable electronic devices based on intrinsically fully stretchable components has attracted great attention. In order to prepare intrinsically stretchable conductors with two-dimensional planar structure with good conductivity and mechanical stretchability, it is necessary to combine the two above methods. Elastic film with metal mask prepared by vacuum deposition and photolithography. However, these preparation processes belong to subtraction process, which is complex, costly and can not be scaled up, and it is difficult to acquire large-area electronics. Printing technology, as a fast patterning technology, can be used for the preparation of planar patterned and intrinsically stretc-hable conductors at a lower cost by using soluble and elastic composite conductive ink. Therefore, the development of elastic composite conductive ink compatible with printing equipment and process is the key technologies. In this paper, the types and preparation of elastic composite conductive ink and printing technologies of stretchable conductor patterns are introduced. The limitations of current stretchable conductor application are analyzed, which can provide reference for breaking through the limitations of wearable sensor application.
1 Song L, Myers A C, Adams J J, et al. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,2014,6(6),4248. 2 Yi X, Yu Z, Niu X, et al. Advanced Electronic Materials,2019,5(2),1800655. 3 Stoyanov H, Kollosche M, Risse S, et al. Advanced Materials,2013,25(4),578. 4 Kim K S, Zhao Y, Jang H, et al. Nature,2009,457(7230),706. 5 Wu C, Fang L, Huang X, et al. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,2014,6(23),21026. 6 Guan L Y, Nilghaz A, Su B, et al. Advanced Functional Materials,2016,26(25),4511. 7 Zhao S, Li J, Cao D, et al. Journal of Materials Chemistry C,2016,4(27),6666. 8 Huang Y Y, Terentjev E M. Advanced Functional Materials,2010,20(23),4062. 9 Niu X Z, Peng S L, Liu L Y, et al. Advanced Materials,2007,19(18),2682. 10 Yuan J, Yao S, Li W, et al. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C,2014,118(40),22975. 11 Lee J H, Ryu H, Kim T Y, et al. Advanced Energy Materials,2015,5(18),1500704. 12 Hu M, Cai X, Guo Q, et al. ACS Nano,2015,10(1),396. 13 Li C F, Li W, Zhang H, et al. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,2018,11(3),3231. 14 Kim I, Woo K, Zhong Z, et al. Nanoscale,2018,10(17),7890. 15 Matsuhisa N, Inoue D, Zalar P, et al. Nature Materials,2017,16(8),834. 16 Feng P, Ji H, Zhang L, et al. Nanotechnology,2019,30(18),185501 17 Sekitani T, Nakajima H, Maeda H, et al. Nature Materials,2009,8(6),494. 18 Chun K Y, Oh Y, Rho J, et al. Nature Nanotechnology,2010,5(12),853. 19 Kim K S, Zhao Y, Jang H, et al. Nature,2009,457(7230),706. 20 Tang L X, Cheng S Y, Zhang L Y, et al. iScience,2018,4,302. 21 Suikkola J, Björninen T, Mosallaei M, et al. Scientific Reports,2016,6,25784. 22 Yao S S, Zhu Y. Advanced Materials,2015,27(9),1480. 23 Liu Y K, Lee M T. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,2014,6(16),14576. 24 Sun J, Jiang J, Bao B, et al. Materials,2016,9(4),253. 25 Rabinowitz J, Fritz G, Kumar P, et al. MRS Advances,2016,1(1),15. 26 Yan H L, Chen Y Q, Deng Y Q, et al. Applied Physics Letters,2016,109(8),083502. 27 Wang Y, Yu Z, Mao G, et al. Advanced Materials Technologies,2019,4(2),1800435. 28 Zhang T, Li L, Tian T, et al. New Chemical Materials,2016,44(5),60(in Chinese). 张太亮,李黎明,田天,等.化工新型材料,2016,44(5),60. 29 Lipomi D J, Lee J A, Vosgueritchian M, et al. Chemistry of Materials,2012,24(2),373. 30 Yu Z, Shang J, Niu X, et al. Advanced Electronic Materials,2018,4(9),1800137. 31 Lee P, Ham J, Lee J, et al. Advanced Functional Materials,2014,24(36),5671. 32 Fan J A, Yeo W H, Su Y, et al. Nature Communications,2014,5(1),3266. 33 Gonzalez M, Axisa F, Bulcke M V, et al. Microelectronics Reliability,2008,48(6),825. 34 Zhang Y, Wang S, Li X, et al. Advanced Functional Materials,2014,24(14),2028. 35 Zhang Y, Xu S, Fu H, et al. Soft Matter,2013,9,8062. 36 Yang S, Ng E, Lu N. Extreme Mechanics Letters,2015,2,37. 37 Wang Y.Design of stretchable liquid metal antenna and RFID tag. Master's Thesis, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China,2016(in Chinese). 王曳舟.可拉伸液态金属天线与RFID标签设计.硕士学位论文,华中科技大学,2016. 38 Hussain A M, Ghaffar F A, Park S I, et al.Advanced Functional Mate-rials,2016,25(42),6557. 39 Yang C H, Chen B, Zhou J, et al. Advanced Materials,2016,28(22),4480. 40 Wang J, Yan C, Cai G, et al. Advanced Materials,2016,28(22),4490. 41 Chortos A, Liu J, Bao Z. Nature Materials,2016,15(9),937. 42 Chou H H, Nguyen A, Chortos A, et al. Nature Communications,2015,6,8011. 43 Ge J, Sun L, Zhang F R, et al.Advanced Materials,2016,28(4),722. 44 Yeo J C, Yap H K, Xi W, et al. Advanced Materials Technologies,2016,1(3),1600018. 45 Lim S, Son D, Kim J, et al. Advanced Functional Materials,2015,25(3),375. 46 Song J, Feng X, Huang Y. National Science Review,2016,3(1),128. 47 Li Y, Gao Y, Song J. Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters,2016,6(1),32.
渝公网安备50019002502923号 版权所有：《材料导报》编辑部
2020, Vol. 34 
