1 School of Energy and Environmental Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China 2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants,Beijing 100083,China
Abstract: Catalytic purification is one of the main technologies for the purification of gaseous pollutants, which plays an important role in improving and optimizing the quality of human living environment. With the continuous in-depth research of scientific researchers, the development of catalytic materials with high specific surface area, high efficiency, short reactants/product diffusion path and low energy consumption is the key point of current catalytic research. According to the composition of catalytic materials, general catalysts can be divided into transition metal catalyst, metal oxide catalyst, sulfide catalyst, solid acid catalyst, etc. Traditional metal oxide catalysts are limited by physical and chemical properties such as inherent structure, species of reactive oxygen and less active sites exposed, it is difficult to break through the bottleneck of poor controllability and low catalytic efficiency. Research has shown that spinel metal oxide which made up of special tetrahedral and octahedral structure and composition showing excellent physical and chemical properties such as superconductivity, luminance, catalytic activity due to their controllability of structure, component, phase, valence state, morphology and defects. It occupies an important position in the application fields of dielectric, magnetic, luminescent, catalytic and other functional materials, and is regarded as a new type of highly efficient catalytic purification material for gaseous pollutants with great research and application potential. Precipitation and hydrothermal methods are the common preparation and synthesis methods for catalyst synthesis. While the traditional synthesis methods are no longer meet the preparation needs of composite catalysts with different morphologies, configurations and multi-component. In order to prepare spinel type catalyst with strong controllability and excellent physicochemical properties, new composite preparation methods such as crystal conducting precipitation, microwave-assisted hydrothermal and self-assembly have attracted extensive attention. Mn, Co, Fe, Cr and other spinel type catalysts have been applied in the removal of gaseous pollutants, among which Mn and Co spinel type catalysts were being widely studied for their high catalytic removal efficiency and stability due to their variable valence and strong redox ability. This paper summarizes the research progress of spinel catalyst, the structure characteristics of spinel type catalyst and the synthesis mechanism of typical preparation methods are introduced separately, and the development direction of catalytic purification of gaseous pollutants and its prospects are emphatically analyzed. Suggestions for its future theoretical and applied research are given.
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