Abstract: Since hydroxyapatite composites were used as biomedical substitutes, the raw materials and preparation technology of hydroxyapatite composites have been continuously optimized, and composites with properties close to natural bone have been prepared. However, there are still many deficiencies in the hydroxyapatite composite material, such as poor compatibility and poor bone integration due to the failure of the compressive strength and elastic modulus to meet the requirements of natural bone,which severely hinders its development as a bone substitute. Hydroxyapatite/cellulose composites not only have the characteristics of both, but also have excellent synergistic properties, which make them more suitable for bio-tissue engineering materials. Compared with traditional bone substitutes, HAP/cellulose composites have significant improvements in mechanical properties, biological activity, biocompatibility, biodegradability and other aspects, and have better osteogenic activity, which has basically met the requirements of ideal scaffold materials for tissue engineering applications. Cellulose nanocrystal, bacterial nanocellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), etc. have been found to be satisfactory as the base material for preparation of the hydroxyapatite composite material. However, there are differences in properties between different cellulose/hydroxyapatite composites. Some nanocomposites have low compressive strength, only (1.57±0.09)MPa/cm3, but some compressive strength and modulus of nanocomposites can be close to natural bones. Therefore, in recent years, in addition to constantly optimizing the preparation process, researc-hers have been trying to select suitable cellulose, and have made great progress. At present, researchers have found that the compressive strength and modulus of CMC/gelatin/HAP nanocomposites are similar to those of human cancellous and cortical bones, and they also promote high alkaline phosphatase activity and extracellular mineralization of cells. It can be used as a regenerative bone graft material for the main bearing area. In this paper, the characteristics of HAP and cellulose are introduced. The preparation methods and the recent application and development of various HAP/cellulose composites are reviewed, and the properties of composites are also discussed, and the study and prospects of the hydroxyapatite/cellulose composites materials are presented. And we hope to provide a reference for the preparation of bone substitute materials with better properties.
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2019, Vol. 33 
