Advances in Application of Diatomite-based Composites in the Field of Energy and Environment
JIANG Debin1, YUAN Yunsong2, WU Junshu3, DU Yucheng3, WANG Jinshu3, ZHANG Yuxin1
1 State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044 2 School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030 3 Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124
Abstract: Compared with traditional nanoparticle materials, inorganic nanocomposites with ordered and porous structure are superior in specific surface area and adsorption capacity, showing tremendous application potential in the field of adsorption, separation, catalysis and so forth. Among them, the diatomite are one of the most spectacular examples of natural inorganic ordered porous materials with a unique pattern of nano-sized features. In the past, diatomite were developed and utilized in an extensive pattern, and the major application for diatomite is restricted to building materials, filter fillers, etc. In recent years, the research and utilization of diatomite has gradually become a hot spot in the field of micro and nano-technology, thanks to their unique shapes and ordered porous structures at the micro-and nanoscale, high specific surface area, favorable thermal stability and cost-effectiveness advantages. A series of theoretical and technical problems concerning diatomite are raised in micro-and nano-scale, and the related research results have already applied to industry and people’s livelihood. It is not surprising that these promising natural materials with unique structures has been considered as candidate raw materials for energy conversion and storage devices. Nevertheless, diatomite have many limitations such as high resistivity, which are not favourable for energy conversion and storage and other applications. Accordingly, considerable efforts have been paid for optimization of diatomite. Specifically speaking, one approach is to load a particular material with satisfactory electrochemical properties on the surface of diatomite, and the silica hydroxyl group on the surface of diatomite can be used to match the valence bond with the modification material. Meanwhile, porous structure of diatomite with high specific surface area will contribute to greatly improve the electrochemical properties of diatomite based composites. Another approach is to transform diatomite into another kind of material with high conductivity. The application of diatomite-based composite materials in energy storage has attracted extensive attention and exhibited great potential. Three-dimensional porous materials have a wide range of applications in the environmental field. Surface modification can endow diatomite with excellent performance of the three-dimensional porous material. For instance, the arrangement of valence bonds on the surface of nano-metal oxides can be significantly varied by the combination of silicon hydroxyl groups on the surface of diatomite and the nano-metal oxides through hydrogen bonding, thereby affecting the properties of the materials. Besides, a great deal of work has been carried out on the research of diatomite-based composite materials in the environmental field at home and abroad. The functional composites are achieved by controllable deposition of functional materials on diatomite surface. This composite material maintaining the pore structure of diatomite and high specific surface area provides a large number of active sites for functional materials, and significantly improves the performance of diatomite-based composite materials. Diatomite-based composite materials are emerging research subjects, which have been studied and applied in many fields, including supercapacitors, lithium batteries, heavy metal pollutant adsorption, degradation and catalysis. According to the research status of diatomite-based composites both at home and abroad in recent years, the latest progress of application of novel diatomite-based composites in energy storage and pollutant adsorption, degradation and catalysis is demonstrated.
作者简介: 姜德彬,2016年6月毕业于成都信息工程大学,获得工学硕士学位。现为重庆大学先进材料研究院博士研究生,在张育新教授的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为硅藻土基复合材料制备与应用。张育新,重庆大学教授,2000年本科毕业于天津大学,2008年博士毕业于新加坡国立大学,师从曾华淳教授(全球Top100化学家)。主要从事多维度和多组分的可控自组装纳米技术、以超级电容器/清洁能源/环保等应用,尤其是在MnO2和硅藻土的纳米结构材料,获2016年度Journal of Materials Chemistry A优秀审稿人称号,获2016年重庆市科技创新领军人才。王金淑,工学博士,北京工业大学教授,材料科学与工程学院院长,国家杰出青年基金获得者、教育部长江学者特聘教授,获国务院政府特殊津贴,入选国家级百千万人才工程计划。Materials Focus、International Journal of Nonferrous Metallurgy、《粉末冶金技术》等编委。长期从事无机材料制备、性能分析及技术应用研究。
引用本文:
姜德彬, 袁云松, 吴俊书, 杜玉成, 王金淑, 张育新. 硅藻土基复合材料在能源与环境领域的应用进展[J]. 材料导报, 2019, 33(9): 1483-1489.
JIANG Debin, YUAN Yunsong, WU Junshu, DU Yucheng, WANG Jinshu, ZHANG Yuxin. Advances in Application of Diatomite-based Composites in the Field of Energy and Environment. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(9): 1483-1489.
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2019, Vol. 33 
