Effect of Linear Oscillation on Microstructure and Properties of Steel/Aluminum Laser Lap Welded Joint
LI Tian1,*, YAN Youruiling2, NIU Jingjing1, NIU Ying1, GUO Qiang1, ZHOU Dianwu2, ZHANG Mingjun3
1 School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China 3 Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for High performance Mechanical Equipment, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
Abstract: The laser lap welding experiment of steel/aluminum was carried out based on a linearoscillation mode. The metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope and electronic universal testing machine were used to study the changes in weld surface morphology, molten pool microstructure, joint fracture morphology and mechanical properties at different oscillation frequencies. The mechanism of linear oscillation on the microstructure and properties of joints was investigated by combining high-speed cameras, theoretical calculations and numerical simulations. The results show that the weld width increases and the weld depth decreases by changing the laser energy density distribution in the linear oscillation mode, and the metallurgical reaction between Fe and Al is effectively suppressed by the reduction of heat in the weld depth direction, and the layer thickness of intermetallic compounds at the interface greatly reduces. The stable vortex formed by the stirring effect of the beam not only significantly improves the stability of the molten pool and the formability of the weld seam, but also obviously refines grains. The layer segregation during high-frequency oscillation is attributed to the accumulation of Al elements caused by clockwise vortex. The layer thickness of IMCs is the main factor affecting the joint performance. The maximum shear tensile force of the joint increases by 17.6% under the same heat input, and the toughness is also significantly enhanced. Furthermore, the fracture mode of the joint also changes from brittle fracture to mixed fracture.
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2026, Vol. 40 
