无外设克级铝-空气电池构型优化及放电性能研究

doi:10.11896/cldb.25010007

材料导报

2026, Vol. 40

Issue (3): 25010007-6 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.25010007

无机非金属及其复合材料

无外设克级铝-空气电池构型优化及放电性能研究

杨云, 蒋涛^*, 林泽宁, 洪阳, 高源, 罗自荣^*

国防科技大学智能科学学院,长沙 410073

Study on Configuration Optimization and Discharge Performance of Gram-scale Al-Air Batteries Without Peripheral Devices

YANG Yun, JIANG Tao^*, LIN Zening, HONG Yang, GAO Yuan, LUO Zirong^*

College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China

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摘要铝-空气电池能量密度高,安全性能好,在应急救援、野外供能等领域具有广阔的应用前景。受蠕动泵、电解质存储罐等外设的限制,传统水系铝-空气电池小型化难度大,全系统能量密度低。对此,本工作提出利用电极构建封闭环境盛装液态电解质的策略,并成功构建了无外设铝-空气电池样机。通过线性伏安扫描、电化学阻抗谱分析等测试,考察了外设对电池全系统输出性能的影响。实验结果表明,无外设单室电池的峰值功率密度(18.05 mW/g)约为有外设电池的7.52倍。为解决单室电池存在电解质泄漏的缺陷,设计了“阴极|电解质|阳极|电解质|阴极”结构的双室电池。得益于有效发电面积倍增和电极极距减半,双室电池的峰值功率密度提升至单室电池的两倍(36.75 mW/g)。在此基础上,构建的克级双室电池样机成功为发光二极管、风扇、电动小车等低功率负载提供电能,显示了其在静态供能、动力驱动等领域的应用潜力。

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	杨云
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	罗自荣

关键词: 铝-空气电池双室结构电化学性能研究低功率负载

Abstract: Aluminum-air batteries show promise for emergency and remote applications due to their high energy density and safety. However, conventional systems face miniaturization challenges and low energy density caused by peripheral devices, such as pump and electrolyte storage tank. Here, we developed a compact, peripheral-free, single-chamber battery that encapsulates the electrolyte between the electrodes. The inf-luence of peripheral devices on the overall system output performance was systematically investigated via linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis, and other methods. Experimental results demonstrated that the peak power density of peripheral-free single-chamber batteries (18.05 mW/g) was approximately 7.52 times higher than that of conventional counterparts. To address electrolyte leakage in single-chamber designs, a dual-chamber configuration with the order of cathode/electrolyte/anode/electrolyte/cathode was engineered. This structural configuration achieved simultaneous doubling of the electroactive surface area and 50% reduction in interelectrode distance, which enhanced the power output to the peak density of 36.75 mW/g. Leveraging this breakthrough, the engineered gram-level dual-compartment cell configuration exhibited stable power delivery capabilities to LEDs, fans, and electric toy cars. This performance demonstrates the viability of this stationary energy storage system in powering low-wattage loads.

Key words: Al-air battery dual-chamber configuration electrochemical performance investigation low-power load

发布日期: 2026-02-13

ZTFLH:

TH111

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(52175069);湖南省优秀青年科学家基金(2024JJ4043);湖南省研究生科研创新资助项目(CX202500094)

通讯作者: ^*蒋涛,国防科技大学智能科学学院副教授、硕士研究生导师。主要从事生物3D打印、生物柔性机器人、仿生机器人能源与动力等方面的研究。
罗自荣,国防科技大学智能科学学院教授、博士研究生导师。长期从事智能无人系统平台与动力、机器人与仿生机械等方面的研究。

作者简介: 杨云,国防科技大学智能科学学院博士研究生,在罗自荣教授的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为智能无人系统平台与动力。

引用本文:

杨云, 蒋涛, 林泽宁, 洪阳, 高源, 罗自荣. 无外设克级铝-空气电池构型优化及放电性能研究[J]. 材料导报, 2026, 40(3): 25010007-6.
YANG Yun, JIANG Tao, LIN Zening, HONG Yang, GAO Yuan, LUO Zirong. Study on Configuration Optimization and Discharge Performance of Gram-scale Al-Air Batteries Without Peripheral Devices. Materials Reports, 2026, 40(3): 25010007-6.

链接本文:

https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.25010007 或 https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2026/V40/I3/25010007

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