| METALS AND METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES |
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| Metallic Heterostructured Materials: Classification,Toughening Mechanisms,and Development Trends |
| ZHAO Jiazheng1, ZHANG Shengen1,*, WANG Jian2, LI Jun2, LUO Fenghua3,*
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1 Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2 Research Institute, Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201999, China
3 State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China |
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Abstract Metallic heterostructured materials achieve a synergistic enhancement in strength and ductility, which is challenging for conventional metallic materials, by constructing structural units with significant differences in microstructure at the microscopic level, such as grain size, crystal structure, phase composition, and compositional variations. This paper summarized some important research achievements in the development of metallic heterostructured materials up to now, provided a comprehensive review of their design, toughening mechanisms, and types, and offers an outlook for the future development of this emerging field. Specifically, the toughening mechanisms and deformation behaviors of metallic heterostructured materials were elaborated in detail. Through cyclic loading-unloading experiments, the origins of back stress and its impact on performance were elucidated. Subsequently, typical heterostructures in metallic materials, including gradient structures, layered structures, bimodal structures, harmonic structures, dual-phase structures, and chemically heterogeneous structures, were systematically summarized and categorized. Finally, the challenges and future research directions in the field of metallic heterostructured materials were identified. The aim is to provide a reference for the development of metallic heterostructured materials with superior comprehensive properties.
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Published: 10 January 2026
Online: 2026-01-09
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2026, Vol. 40 
