TiAl系合金和镍基高温合金连接技术研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.24100004

材料导报

2025, Vol. 39

Issue (21): 24100004-15 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.24100004

金属与金属基复合材料

TiAl系合金和镍基高温合金连接技术研究进展

王银晨¹, 常云峰^1,2, 秦志伟¹, 张亮亮¹, 董红刚¹, 程亚芳², 郭鹏², 李鹏^1,*

1 大连理工大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁大连 116024
2 中国机械总院集团郑州机械研究所有限公司,郑州 450001

Research Progress on Heterogeneous Welding of Ni-based Superalloy and TiAl Based Alloy

WANG Yinchen¹, CHANG Yunfeng^1,2, QIN Zhiwei¹, ZHANG Liangliang¹, DONG Honggang¹, CHENG Yafang², GUO Peng², LI Peng^1,*

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
2 China Academy of Machinery Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450001, China

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摘要随着高性能航空发动机制造用材料与连接技术的不断革新,镍基高温合金以其优异的高温性能获得广泛关注和应用。TiAl系合金作为新型轻质高温材料,在航空航天领域应用潜力巨大。为满足轻量化发展的迫切需求,实现其与镍基高温合金之间的良好连接势在必行。针对两者因物化性能差异而导致的焊接难题,本文综述了采用熔焊、钎焊、扩散焊及摩擦焊连接时异质金属接头的显微组织、力学性能和断裂机理。熔焊方法灵活、适应性强,但由于不均匀加热等问题接头易形成裂纹,劣化力学性能。钎焊是两类合金连接应用很广泛的焊接方法,目前钎料多以焊缝高熵的理念设计为多主元成分,常温剪切性能已接近母材强度。扩散焊的研究主要集中于中间层设计及工艺窗口建立等方面,其接头具有变形小和强度高等特点,适用于精密复杂结构的连接。采用摩擦焊方式时,焊后界面良好、没有明显裂纹等缺陷,但界面处产生的脆性相同样会恶化接头的力学性能。综上,为解决TiAl系合金和镍基高温合金的连接难题,抑制脆性相的形成和保证良好的冶金结合非常关键,这对于推动TiAl系合金和镍基高温合金的可靠应用意义重大。

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	王银晨
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	程亚芳
	郭鹏
	李鹏

关键词: TiAl系合金镍基高温合金微观组织力学性能异质金属焊接

Abstract: With the continuous innovation of high-performance aero engine manufacturing materials and joining technology, Ni-based superalloys are widely concerned and successfully applied for their excellent high-temperature performance. TiAl based alloys have great potential for aerospace applications as new lightweight high-temperature materials. To fulfil the imperative demand of lightweight development, achieving a sound joining between TiAl based alloys and Ni-based superalloys is extremely necessary. In this paper, to overcome the welding difficulties caused by the differences in physical and chemical properties between these two metals, the microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms of heterogeneous joints connected by different welding methods such as fusion welding, brazing, diffusion bonding and friction welding are reviewed. Among these welding methods, fusion welding is flexible and adaptable, but due to uneven heating and other problems, joints are vulne-rable to crack initiation, deteriorating mechanical properties. Brazing is an extensive welding method for two alloys, currently its filler metals are mainly designed as a multi-primary composition with the concept of high entropy, therefore the shear properties at room temperature have been close to the strength of the base metal. The research on diffusion bonding is mainly focused on the design of the interlayer and the establishment of the process window, etc. The joints are characterized by small welding deformation and high bonding strength, suitable for high joining precision and complex structures. Using the friction welding method, the welding interface is fine, without apparent cracks and other defects, howe-ver, the brittle phases generated at the interface will also deteriorate the mechanical properties. In summary, to solve the joining difficulties of TiAl based alloys and Ni-based superalloys, inhibiting the formation of brittle phases and ensuring sound metallurgical bonding is essential. Meanwhile, it is of great significance to promote the practical applications of the two alloys.

Key words: TiAl based alloy Ni-based superalloy microstructure mechanical property dissimilar metal welding

出版日期: 2025-11-10 发布日期: 2025-11-10

ZTFLH:

TG456

基金资助: 国家重点研发计划(2023YFB3407500);国家自然科学基金(52075074;52375313);兴辽英才计划(XLYC2203097);中央高校基本科研业务费(DUT24ZD202)

通讯作者: *李鹏,博士,大连理工大学材料科学与工程学院教授、博士研究生导师。主要从事先进材料高性能连接理论与技术、新型焊接材料成分设计、集成电路复杂结构精密成型等方面的研究。lipeng2016@dlut.edu.cn

作者简介: 王银晨,大连理工大学材料科学与工程学院博士研究生。目前主要研究方向为钛/镍异质金属焊接中间层设计及强化机理。

引用本文:

王银晨, 常云峰, 秦志伟, 张亮亮, 董红刚, 程亚芳, 郭鹏, 李鹏. TiAl系合金和镍基高温合金连接技术研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2025, 39(21): 24100004-15.
WANG Yinchen, CHANG Yunfeng, QIN Zhiwei, ZHANG Liangliang, DONG Honggang, CHENG Yafang, GUO Peng, LI Peng. Research Progress on Heterogeneous Welding of Ni-based Superalloy and TiAl Based Alloy. Materials Reports, 2025, 39(21): 24100004-15.

链接本文:

https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.24100004 或 https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2025/V39/I21/24100004

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