Preparation of High-strength Bismuth Oxide Ceramics via Cold Pressing and Pressureless Sintering
XIAO Shijie1, MAO Feng1, ZOU Qing2, ZENG Xian2, YAN Qingzhi1,*
1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 2 China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
Abstract: High-density and high-strength bismuth oxide ceramics were prepared by powder metallurgy. The effects of pressing pressure and sintering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. The results indicate that the mechanical properties of the ceramics are influenced by the interaction of these two factors. Specifically, the flexural strength of the ceramics increases monotonically with the increase in pressing pressure at low temperature (580 ℃), initially increases and then decreases at medium temperature (630 ℃ and 680 ℃), and exhibits bubble formation and penetrative cracks at high temperature (730 ℃). The variation in mechanical properties is attributed to phase changes and the accompanying volume changes during sintering. During the heating process, the α-Bi2O3 phase transformed into the δ-Bi2O3 phase. Upon cooling, the δ-Bi2O3 phase converted to both the γ-Bi2O3 and α-Bi2O3 phases, leading to volume expansion and increased internal stress. Higher pressing pressures and sintering temperature result in greater phase transformation stress, which in turn reduces the strength of the ceramics. The relative density and flexural strength of the prepared bismuth oxide ceramics reached 95.9% and 90.6 MPa, respectively, at a pressing pressure of 270 MPa and a sintering temperature of 630 ℃.
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2025, Vol. 39 
