乳化液破乳技术的研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.22090307

材料导报

2024, Vol. 38

Issue (7): 22090307-11 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.22090307

高分子与聚合物基复合材料

乳化液破乳技术的研究进展

齐亚兵^*

西安建筑科技大学化学与化工学院,西安 710055

Research Advances of Demulsification of Emulsions

QI Yabing^*

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China

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摘要破乳是实现乳化液油水分离的必要手段,从热力学角度考虑,乳化液是不稳定体系,破乳是必然结果。不同破乳方式只是导致油水分离的效果和时间不同而已。传统破乳方式包括热破乳、离心破乳、剪切破乳、电破乳和化学破乳等,其中离心破乳、电破乳和化学破乳是工业中使用频率较高的破乳方式。随着破乳技术的发展,一些新型的破乳方式相继出现,包括微波破乳、超声破乳、膜分离破乳、磁性纳米粒子破乳、微通道破乳、空化射流破乳和氧化破乳等。其中微波破乳、膜分离破乳和磁性纳米粒子破乳因过程简单、破乳率高等优势而具有广阔的发展前景。然而,这几种新型破乳技术还不够成熟,目前仅处于实验室研究阶段,还未实现大规模工业应用。单一破乳技术的破乳效果有限,为了强化破乳效果,可以将不同的破乳技术进行耦合,例如:磁性纳米粒子与微波耦合破乳、电场与纤维床耦合破乳、电场与离心场耦合破乳、电场与微滤膜耦合破乳、超声与微波耦合破乳等。当下破乳技术正朝着绿色、环保、节能、高效、经济、多样化、多种技术耦合的方向发展。
关键词乳化液破乳脱水分离耦合

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	齐亚兵

关键词: 乳化液破乳脱水分离耦合

Abstract: Demulsification are necessary tools for separation of oil and aqueous phase in emulsions. In view of thermodynamics, emulsions are instable and demulsification is inevitable. Different demulsification methods just lead to different separation performances and time of oil and aqueous phase. The conventional demulsification methods contain thermal, centrifugal, shearing, electrical and chemical demulsification. Among them, centrifugal, electric/electro and chemical demulsification are the most frequently used demulsification methods. With the development of demulsification technologies, some novel demulsification methods have appeared in succession which include microwave, ultrasonic, membrane, magne-tic nanoparticle, microchannel, cavitation water jet, and oxidation demulsification. Among them, microwave, membrane and magnetic nanoparticle demulsification show broad development prospect due to their advantages of simple process and high demulsification efficiency. However, they are in experimental phase now and are not able to realize the widespread industrialization application owing to immature technologies. In order to solve the problems of weak demulsification performance, some hybrid demulsification technologies such as integration of magnetic nanoparticle and microwave, electric field and fiber bed, electric and centrifugal field, electric field and microfiltration membrane, and ultrasonic and microwave have appeared.At present,demulsification technologies develop towards green,environmental protection,energy-saving,high efficiency,money-saving,diversification and coupling technologies.

Key words: emulsion demulsification dewatering separation coupling

出版日期: 2024-04-10 发布日期: 2024-04-11

ZTFLH:	X703
	TQ028.4

基金资助: 西安市碑林区科技计划项目(GX2323);西安建筑科技大学人才科技基金(RC1714);西安建筑科技大学青年科技基金(QN1509);西安建筑科技大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(X2022189)

通讯作者: 齐亚兵,西安建筑科技大学化学与化工学院讲师。2006年本科毕业于长安大学水利与环境学院,2009年和2013年分别在四川大学化工学院获得硕士和博士学位。2013年8月进入陕西化工研究院有限公司工作,2014年5月调入西安建筑科技大学应用化学系任教。目前主要从事传质与分离技术、水处理技术等研究工作。近年来在SCI、EI和中文核心期刊发表论文40多篇。qiyabing123@163.com

引用本文:

齐亚兵. 乳化液破乳技术的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2024, 38(7): 22090307-11.
QI Yabing. Research Advances of Demulsification of Emulsions. Materials Reports, 2024, 38(7): 22090307-11.

链接本文:

https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.22090307 或 https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2024/V38/I7/22090307

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