纳米颗粒和微生物相互作用过程中生物膜的形成机制与效应

doi:10.11896/cldb.24050009

材料导报

2025, Vol. 39

Issue (12): 24050009-9 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.24050009

无机非金属及其复合材料

纳米颗粒和微生物相互作用过程中生物膜的形成机制与效应

张悦^1,2, 管千慧^1,2, 周政^1,2, 陈全^1,2, 吴敏^1,2, 易鹏^1,2,*

1 昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,昆明 650500
2 云南省土壤固碳与污染控制重点实验室,昆明 650500

The Mechanisms and Effects of Biofilm Formation in the Interaction Between Nanoparticles and Microorganisms

ZHANG Yue^1,2, GUAN Qianhui^1,2, ZHOU Zheng^1,2, CHEN Quan^1,2, WU Min^1,2, YI Peng^1,2,*

1 Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
2 Yunnan Provincial KeyLaboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, China

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摘要纳米颗粒(Nanoparticles,NPs)在环境中的迁移转化和生物安全问题是环境领域的研究热点,其中NPs和微生物相互作用过程中生物膜的形成机制与效应是亟需解决的关键科学问题。微生物可以通过吸附和内化等物理化学方式使NPs粘附在其细胞表面或进入其细胞内部,这些NPs可能会引起微生物的应激保护反应从而刺激生物膜的形成,同时也会对生物膜产生毒性效应。本文主要从吸附作用和细胞内化总结了NPs与微生物的界面相互作用,并分析了NPs的性质、微生物的种类和环境条件对相互作用过程的制约;论述了生物膜的形成过程,剖析了NPs对生物膜的生长状态、代谢活性、群落组成和基因表达产生的影响;并进一步讨论了生物膜的形成对NPs的溶解腐蚀、表面钝化、稳定和团聚的影响。最后就多物种生物膜与NPs的相互作用机制、环境中NPs的长期毒性研究以及生物膜对NPs迁移行为的改变提出了展望。深入理解NPs与生物膜的相互作用及机制,可以为进一步研究NPs对环境及人类潜在毒性提供理论基础,从而对NPs做出更全面的风险评估。

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	张悦
	管千慧
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	陈全
	吴敏
	易鹏

关键词: 纳米颗粒微生物生物膜胞外聚合物相互作用

Abstract: The migration, transformation, and biosafety issues of nanoparticles (NPs) in the environmentis a hot topic in environmental research field. The mechanisms and effects of biofilm formation in the interaction between NPs and microorganisms are the key scientific issues that need to be solved urgently. Microorganisms can cause NPs to adhere to their cell surface or enter their cells through physicochemical methods such as adsorption and internalization. These NPs may trigger stress protective responses in the microorganisms, stimulating biofilm formation, while also potentially exerting toxic effects on the biofilm. This review primarily summarizes the interface interactions between NPs and microorganisms, focusing on adsorption and intracellular uptake, analyzes how the properties of NPs, the types of microorganisms, and environmental conditions constrain the interaction process. Additionally, discusses the formation of biofilms, examining the impact of NPs on biofilm growth, metabolic activity, community composition, and gene expression. Furthermore, explores how biofilm formation influences the dissolution, corrosion, surface passivation, stability, and aggregation of NPs. Finally, the outlook is presented from the perspective of the interaction mechanisms of multi-species biofilms with NPs, the long-term toxicity of NPs in the environment, and the alterations in the migration behavior of NPs caused by biofilms. A deeper understanding of NPs-biofilm interactions and mechanisms shall provide a theoretical basis for further research on the potential environmental and human toxicity of NPs, enabling a more comprehensive risk assessment of NPs.

Key words: nanoparticle microorganism biofilm extracellular polymer interaction

出版日期: 2025-06-25 发布日期: 2025-06-19

ZTFLH:	X172
	X131

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(42277399;42477245)

通讯作者: ^*易鹏,博士,昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院讲师、硕士研究生导师。主要研究领域为环境持久性自由基的环境效应和功能以及碳材料的吸附。446839392@qq.com

作者简介: 张悦,昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院硕士研究生,在吴敏教授的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为纳米颗粒与微生物的相互作用。

引用本文:

张悦, 管千慧, 周政, 陈全, 吴敏, 易鹏. 纳米颗粒和微生物相互作用过程中生物膜的形成机制与效应[J]. 材料导报, 2025, 39(12): 24050009-9.
ZHANG Yue, GUAN Qianhui, ZHOU Zheng, CHEN Quan, WU Min, YI Peng. The Mechanisms and Effects of Biofilm Formation in the Interaction Between Nanoparticles and Microorganisms. Materials Reports, 2025, 39(12): 24050009-9.

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https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.24050009 或 https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2025/V39/I12/24050009

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