Research Progress on the Preparation of New Building Materials Using Iron Tailings
LU Chang1, CHEN Hongyun1, FU Liangjie1,2,3, TIAN Guangyan4, ZHANG Hong4, LIANG Jinsheng4, YANG Huaming1,2,3
1 School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China 2 Key Laboratory for Mineral Materials and Application of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China 3 Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Functional Materials in China Building Materials Industry, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China 4 Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information of Ministry of Education, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
Abstract: Iron tailings are the parts containing small amounts of valuable elements and produced in the process of processing and utilization of iron ore. The iron tailing is one of the important components of solid wastes in mines and a valuable secondary resource. Abundant of non-recycled iron tailings are mainly disposed in iron tailings dam, which is a waste of land resource and also a potential threat to the environment. Efficient proces-sing and utilization of iron tailings is an effective way to energy efficiency, environmental protection and economic benefits. Iron tailings are fine, stable and complex materials, and mainly composed of silica and iron oxide, which is very close to the composition of natural placer minerals. It is an important development direction for the comprehensive utilization of iron tailing to apply to the field of new building materials. New building materials are the building materials whose performance and function are improved or increased on the basis of traditional building materials. The new building materials have the characteristics of high strength, light weight, energy saving and environmental protection. A lot of research has been done on the development of new building materials for iron tailings at home and abroad. According to the relevant data, iron tailings can be successfully applied to all kinds of building materials, such as environmental brick, building sound insulation material, glass-ceramics, building ceramics, porous insulation material and paint by adjusting chemical composition of iron tailings. Researchers have shown that it can add coal gangue, fly ash and other materials to iron tailings to make up for the shortage of iron tailings as raw materials for construction products. The new tailings wall material has high strength and is resistant to saline-alkali corrosion. Glass ceramics with pyroxene as its main crystal phase can be prepared by using various types of iron tailings. It has good acid and alkaline resistance, compressive strength and flexural strength. The thermal insulation materials from iron tailings have good mechanical properties and thermal insulation pro-perties. Because iron tailings contain a certain amount of iron oxide. Iron oxide has high stability under normal environmental conditions and is widely used in coatings, plastics, paper and ceramics. Iron tailings can also be applied to paint. There are studies on the use of iron tailings as a paint for building emulsion paint in the production of sustainable building coatings. Fe2O3 in iron tailings is also used as a natural colorant to prepare colored ceramic vitrified brick. At present, most of the new building materials of iron tailings are difficult to form a scale. The reasons are mainly as follows: (1) Under different producing areas and technological conditions, the iron tailings property differences, leading to poor stability of raw materials. (2) Because of the complexity of the raw materials, the production technology of iron tailings building materials products is not universal, which increases the cost of research and production. (3) As most mines are far from the city, iron tailings construction materials still belong to the products limited by the haul distance. (4) The product promotion and market development of new building materials of iron tailings are also a problem restricting its development. This paper reviews the research progress of iron tailings in new building materials such as wall materials, building decoration materials and heat insulation materials. It focuses on high value utilization of iron tailings as a new building material resource. The problems that iron tailings may face in the development of new building materials industry are analyzed and its development prospect is forecasted. In order to provide reference for the high value utilization of iron tailings in the field of new building materials.
路畅, 陈洪运, 傅梁杰, 田光燕, 张红, 梁金生, 杨华明. 铁尾矿制备新型建筑材料的国内外进展[J]. 材料导报, 2021, 35(5): 5011-5026.
LU Chang, CHEN Hongyun, FU Liangjie, TIAN Guangyan, ZHANG Hong, LIANG Jinsheng, YANG Huaming. Research Progress on the Preparation of New Building Materials Using Iron Tailings. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(5): 5011-5026.
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