Research Progress on Friction and Wear Behavior of Brake Materials Based on the Third Body
HUI Yang1, LIU Guimin1, DU Jianhua2, ZHANG Baosheng3
1 Department of Equipment Maintenance and Remanufacturing Engineering, Academy of Army Armored Forces, Beijing 100072, China 2 China North Vehicle Research Institute, Beijing 100072, China 3 Exercise and Training Center, Academy of Army Armored Forces, Beijing 100072, China
Abstract: The braking system is an important part of transportation and industrial equipment. Under the friction conditions of high speed, high load and high temperature, the contact surface will produce debris due to severe wear, and form a friction film of several microns to dozens of microns under the complex friction chemical reaction, which is called the “third body”. During braking, the third body undergoes plastic deformation, oxidation, adhesion, delamination and other changes, which have an important impact on the friction and wear performance of the brake material, that is, the friction and wear performance of the brake material depends on the nature of the third body. Therefore, mastering the orga-nization structure, formation and evolution mechanism of the third body is beneficial to the in-depth study of the friction and wear performance and mechanism of brake materials, and provides a basis for the development of new brake materials. The early research of the third body mainly focused on the analysis of its composition, formation and movement mechanism by means of SEM, EDX, TEM, etc., and achieved relatively rich results. With the development of characterization methods, researchers begin to try to explain the movement, evolution and mechanism of the third body from a more microscopic and essential perspective such as stress, nanostructure, and chemical bonds, and further correlate the third body with friction conditions and wear mechanisms. The study of the influence of the third body on the friction and wear properties of materials has gradually expanded from traditional friction coefficients and wear rates to selective transfer, interface chemical reactions, and friction power loss. However, most of the above-mentioned studies adopt the ex-situ method, which can only obtain the friction surface information indirectly, so it has limitations and hysteresis. In order to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the third body, the external third body experiment method and the modeling simulation based on the third body have been developed in recent years. It is of great significance to clarify the role of each component in the third body and explore the micro-evolution law of the third body, especially the discontinuous medium simulation represented by the discrete element method(DEM) and movable cellular automata(MCA). Large-scale simulations are carried out for the third body's displacement changes, mechanical performance changes and force conditions. This article summarizes the third body composition, formation and movement mechanism. The influence of the third body on the friction and wear performance of brake materials is described. The research progress of the exogenous third-body experimental method and the third-body modeling and simulation are summarized, and the mobile cellular automata method is mainly introduced. Finally, combined with the current problems in the third-body research, the improvement direction is proposed, and the future development trend is prospected.
惠阳, 刘贵民, 杜建华, 张宝生. 基于第三体的制动材料摩擦磨损行为研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2021, 35(19): 19153-19160.
HUI Yang, LIU Guimin, DU Jianhua, ZHANG Baosheng. Research Progress on Friction and Wear Behavior of Brake Materials Based on the Third Body. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(19): 19153-19160.
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