LI Fali1,2,3,LI Shengbin1,3,4,CAO Jinwei1,3,LIU Yiwei1,2,3,,SHANG Jie1,2,3,LI Runwei1,2,3,4,
1 CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices,Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo 315201,China 2 College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China 3 Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology,Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Aca-demy of Sciences,Ningbo 315201,China 4 School of Future Technology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
Abstract: Flexible/stretchable electronic technology is one of the ten emerging technologies in the 21st century and is triggering a new round of electronic technology revolution. In recent years, a series of flexible and even stretchable electronic devices have been developed. Such devices have advantages such as flexibility, impact resistance, and efficient / low-cost manufacturing, and have good application prospects in wea-rable or implantable fields. Among them, elastic sensor devices are the key to information acquisition, and show important application prospects in human-machine interaction, sports/medical health and other fields. The design of sensitive materials, structures and devices is the key to elastic sensors. Since most sensitive materials are rigid and their mechanical properties cannot meet the requirements of elastic sensors, one of the core challenges of elastic sensors is the elasticity and versatility of sensitive materials. Flexible and functionally compatible sensors are currently the focus of attention. In terms of material elasticity/stretchability, through effective structural design, the metal film can be adapted to more complex mechanical scenarios, such as changing uniaxial wrinkles to multiaxial complex wrinkles; by optimizing the morphology/structure of nanomaterials, obtaining composite materials that can withstand greater deformation, such as increasing the length of nanowires to obtain more complex and stable conductive networks; using intrinsically stretchable conductive materials such as liquid metals to achieve high conductivity and arbitrary tensile properties of composite materials. In terms of the versatility of materials/devices, people are also constantly trying to use a variety of sensitive materials to detect a variety of signals such as strain, temperature, magnetic field, humidity, and so on. The magnetic field detection is achieved by using a magnetically sensitive material and a polymer matrix; the thermochromic material is used to construct a thermochromic film on the surface of the polymer substrate to detect the temperature; the elastic electrode is used to prepare elastic microchannels to realize sweat analysis of ingredients. Further at the level of systems, researchers have integrated a variety of devices into a multi-functional system to realize the perception of a variety of signals. Combined with bionic strategies these signal can be process into signals that can be read by human verves. This will be importance to achieve intelligent and efficient human-machine interface. This article summarizes the research progress of elastic sensing materials and devices, and introduces conductive sensitive materials, wearable devices and their application scenarios. By analyzing the development history and current challenges of elastic sensor devices, we hope that researchers will have some inspiration of elastic electronic devices. And in order to provide more sensitive, intelligent, low-cost, and user-friendly sensors.
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2020, Vol. 34 
