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材料导报  2026, Vol. 40 Issue (5): 25090003-15    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.25090003
  生物质助力建筑材料可持续发展 |
生物炭在多功能涂层改性中的研究进展
胡慧, 陈宇*, 张亚梅*
东南大学材料科学与工程学院,重大基础设施工程材料全国重点实验室,南京 211189
Research Progress on Biochar in Multifunctional Coating Modification
HU Hui, CHEN Yu*, ZHANG Yamei*
State Key Laboratory of Engineering Materials for Major Infrastructure, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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摘要 生物炭是一类由生物质热解所得的绿色功能材料,可作为填料或改性组分应用于涂层中。凭借其丰富的原料来源、碳减排潜力、孔隙结构以及活性表面特性,生物炭在提升传统涂层性能方面表现出广阔的前景,契合了当前对环境友好型材料的需求。然而,该类涂层的产业化应用仍受到若干问题制约,为系统梳理相关研究成果、厘清现存挑战并为未来的材料优化设计与实际应用提供理论技术参考,本文对近年来生物炭改性涂层的研究进展进行综述。首先,回顾了生物炭的原料类型、制备工艺与改性,并与其他碳填料进行比较。随后,分析了影响涂层的生物炭关键特性,讨论了生物炭复合涂层的构筑路径,包括材料选择、复合方法与成型工艺;并结合应用案例,重点分析了生物炭在防冰除冰、耐蚀防护、环境治理、阻燃、电化学储能器件及耐磨等方面的功能表现。最后,针对现有生物炭改性功能涂层研究的不足,提出了未来可能的研究方向与发展思路。
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胡慧
陈宇
张亚梅
关键词:  生物炭  改性  聚合物  金属氧化物  多功能涂层    
Abstract: Biochar, a sustainable carbon material derived from biomass, has attracted considerable attention in multifunctional coating applications due to its renewable origin, low cost, tunable porosity, and versatile surface chemistry. These attributes make biochar a promising candidate for enhancing the performance of polymer, metal, and inorganic coatings, while simultaneously promoting high-value biomass utilization and circular economy objectives. However, its industrial application remains constrained by several issues. To systematically organize relevant research fin-dings, clarify existing challenges, and provide theoretical and technical references for future material optimization and practical applications, this paper reviews recent advances in biochar-modified coatings. It first introduces the characteristics of biochar precursors and their essential properties, including elemental composition, microstructure, and physicochemical behavior, while also discussing how preparation conditions affect performance. Subsequently, strategies for tailoring the surface and internal structure of biochar are summarized, and different pathways for fabricating biochar-based composite coatings are presented, covering material choices, incorporation techniques, and processing methods. Representative case studies are highlighted to demonstrate applications in anti-icing, anticorrosion, environmental remediation, flame retardancy, electrochemical energy storage devices, and wear-resistant coatings, elucidating the roles of biochar in thermal conduction, barrier resistance, pollutant adsorption, catalytic activity, flame suppression, and mechanical reinforcement. Finally, the review addresses key challenges associated with large-scale production, operational stability, precise interfacial control, and environmental or health risk assessment. Future research directions are proposed, including the development of eco-friendly and scalable preparation methods, advanced surface engineering, integration with emerging nanomaterials, and standardized safety evaluation protocols. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive reference for the rational design of high-performance, environmentally friendly coating systems incorporating functionalized biochar.
Key words:  biochar    modification    polymer    metal oxide    multifunctional coating
出版日期:  2026-03-10      发布日期:  2026-03-10
ZTFLH:  TQ63  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52402021);江苏省基础研究计划(自然科学基金)(BK20241338);东南大学新进教师科研启动经费项目(RF1028624009)
通讯作者:  *陈宇,博士,东南大学材料科学与工程学院教授、博士研究生导师。主要从事增材制造、建筑功能材料、低碳材料等方面的研究。y_chen@seu.edu.cn
张亚梅,东南大学二级教授、博士研究生导师,加拿大英属哥伦比亚大学兼职教授。从事混凝土3D打印建造研发与应用以及固废资源化利用方面的研究。ymzhang@seu.edu.cn   
作者简介:  胡慧,东南大学材料科学与工程学院硕士研究生,在陈宇教授和张亚梅教授的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为生物炭防护涂层。
引用本文:    
胡慧, 陈宇, 张亚梅. 生物炭在多功能涂层改性中的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2026, 40(5): 25090003-15.
HU Hui, CHEN Yu, ZHANG Yamei. Research Progress on Biochar in Multifunctional Coating Modification. Materials Reports, 2026, 40(5): 25090003-15.
链接本文:  
https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.25090003  或          https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2026/V40/I5/25090003
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