Abstract: Frequency selective surface (FSS) can be thought of as a kind of spatial filter. It is a two-dimensional (2D) periodic array of metallic patches or slots in a thin metallic sheet etched on a substrate, correspondingly with band-pass or band-stop behavior for incoming electromagnetic wave operating in different frequency ranges. FSSs are widely used for different applications,including radomes stealth, satellite communications, wireless security and electromagnetic compatibility. With increasing requirement of FSS technology, the traditional FSS can no longer well satisfy the practical application. The reasons lie in the following two aspects. Firstly, the large unit size of the traditional FSS will lead to the premature appearance of the grating lobe when the cell resonates, which will exert an adverse effect on the transmission characteristics. Secondly, due to the large unit size of the traditional FSS,it is extremely difficult to be applied in a limited space area or on an irregular radome, and the mounting layout can be hardly completed by the existing technology. Fortunately, the appearance of a miniaturized element frequency selection surface(MEFSS) whose unit size is much smaller than the working wavelength has provided a new idea for solving the above problems. The MEFSS has gradually shown its prominent advantages and developed into a new research direction. Originally, cross, convolution and connection modes in structure are employed by MEFSS to achieve the purpose of unit size reduction. The most typical method is the unit curling and interdigitating design. Aiming at breaking through the restriction that “the unit size should be consistent with the resonance wavelength” and realizing the control of long wavelength resonance by small size structure, a MEFSS based on the capacitive surface and inductive surface coupling technology is produced by cascading metal patches and grids through the medium. This FSS achieves miniaturization by reducing the effective electrical size of the unit. The MEFSS surface of the coupling type double screen mainly includes mesh grid and its complementary structure, mesh grid and square ring patch array structure, square ring patch and its complementary structure, which lay the research foundation of complex coupled MEFSS structures. Since the first two types of FSSs cannot get rid of the limitation of the periodic unit size when realizing miniaturization, it is hard to achieve hig-her miniaturization requirements. However, FSS loaded with passive lumped elements (capacitors, inductors) can increase the values of the equivalent inductance L and the equivalent capacitance C, and reduce the effective electrical size of the unit to a greater extent, making FSS more miniaturized. For the sake of expanding the function of MEFSS, active devices (varactors, pin diodes, etc.) are introduced to ordinary MEFSS units or dielectric substrates to form active MEFSS, or featured media is used as dielectric substrates to form active MEFSS. When this FSS realizes miniaturization characteristics, it controls the passband switch and frequency conversion characteristics of the FSS by adjusting the active devices. This article summarizes the research status of MEFSS from the aspects of unit convolution design, interdigital design, capacitive surface and inductive surface coupling technology based design, and technical design of loading passive/active lumped elements. Subsequently, the application of MEFSS in practice is introduced and its future development direction is proposed.
王晖, 屈绍波. 小型化频率选择表面研究现状及其应用进展[J]. 材料导报, 2019, 33(5): 881-893.
WANG Hui, QU Shaobo. Research Status and Application Progress of Miniaturized Element FrequencySelective Surface. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(5): 881-893.
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2019, Vol. 33 
