Treatment of Thallium Contained Wastewater: Research Status and Development Trend
TIAN Huan1, ZHAO Zhuo1, LAI Li2, ZHANG Menglong1
1 School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032; 2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032;
Abstract: Thallium and its salts are extremely harmful pollutants to the water environment. The ingestion of infinitesimal Tl in the living organisms is likely to cause lethal effect. With the continuous development and utilization of abundant thallium-contained mineral resources in China, thallium pollution in waters has shown a trend of aggravation, which poses a serious threat to human health and ecological environment. Therefore, it is in urgent need for the treatment and purification of thallium-contained wastewater. Suffered from the limitation of low processing depth, poor selectivity and impurity ion interference, the traditional technology is not able to treat thallium-contained wastewater effectively. Recently, notable progress has been made in the treatment technology of thallium-contained wastewater at home and abroad. In particular, amazing effect have been obtained in removing thallium in acidic wastewater by strengthened oxidation coagulation method, and the removal rate of thallium is as high as 99.98%.The adsorption method features high adsorption capacity, easy regeneration, high processing depth and so forth. Metal oxides, like hydrated iron oxide, nano-alumina, magnetic Fe3O4, hydrated manganese oxide, titanium oxide, titanium nanotubes, are generally considered to be ideal materials to adsorb Tl (Ⅰ) in wastewater, among which hydrated manganese oxide and hydrated iron oxide are most effective with the removal rates of about 98.5%. The treatments by employing biosorbents and modified resin have also achieved fruitful results, which exhibit favorable thallium removal rates of 96.6% and 97%, respectively. In this article, the research status of thallium removal from wastewater at home and abroad in recent years is reviewed from the methods of precipitation, adsorption, ion exchange and so forth. The governing mechanisms of various methods are analyzed, the corresponding advantages and disadvantages of are discussed, and the direction of improvement is put forward. Finally, the development trend and application prospect of thallium contamination control are predicted.
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