Abstract: Formaldehyde, as one of the main pollutants in indoor air, does great harm to human health. The effective removal of formaldehyde has brought a critical concern recently.The adsorption method is considered as an important method to eliminate formaldehyde.In this study, bamboo-based activated carbon was impregnated with low concentration nitric acid, oxalic acid, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide at room temperature. The morphology, pore characteristics and surface functional groups of the modified activated carbon were characterized by environmental scanning electron microscopy (E-SEM), specific surface area analyzer (BET),fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectrum(XPS). The static and dynamic formaldehyde analysis device was also applied to evaluate the adsorption effect of formaldehyde on modified bamboo activated carbon. The results showed that, compared with the untreated bamboo-based activated carbons, the surface of the four modified activated carbon were etched and shrunk to a different degree, and the microporous volumes increased. The average pore size of the activated carbon modified by sodium hydroxide was 1.89 nm, smaller than that of the untreated bamboo-based activated carbon.The FTIR characteristic peak shapes of activated carbon before and after modification had no obvious change, but the peak strength was affec-ted.The XPS showed that the content of oxygen atom of carboxyl groups with the modified activated carbon had increased.The removal capacity of formaldehyde was markedly improved with the modified activated carbon, among which the activated carbon modified by nitric acid was the best. The main reason was that the synergy of carbonyl groups and ester groups on the surface of the activated carbon modified by nitric acid increased, and the polarity of the activated carbon improved, which was conducive to the adsorption of polar formaldehyde molecules.
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2021, Vol. 35 
