Research Progress in Plastic Deformation Characteristics of High Nitrogen Austenitic Steel
ZHANG Ronghua*, YANG Chuan, SHI Ning, GUAN Yuanyuan, MA Jinhong, ZHANG Yuan, CHEN Liansheng
Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Modern Metallurgy Technology, College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
Abstract: High nitrogen steel, which is made by adding a certain amount of nitrogen element into steel materials, often has excellent mechanical and chemical properties. Since nitrogen is regarded as a beneficial element added to iron and steel materials, the research on high nitrogen steel mainly focuses on the following points: (1) nitrogen element can effectively replace nickel to enlarge austenite phase zone and improve austenite stability of steel; (2) improve machinability/formability of material to coordinate strong plasticity; (3) the effect of second phase precipitation on material strengthening and instability, precipitation hardening of high nitrogen martensitic steel, etc. The excellent comprehensive performance of high nitrogen austenitic steel depends to a large extent on the nitrogen element in the solid solution state in the octahedral gap of the austenite FCC structure. Forming second phase precipitates with other alloying elements in the material, most of the precipitated products have a negative impact on the hot workability of high nitrogen steels. To this end, people have explored a large number of process methods to improve, involving the exploration of second phase precipitation, thermal deformation simulation experiments and laboratory hot rolling process exploration, and achieved fruitful results. The short-range and orderly arrangement of nitrogen in steel and the reduction of stacking fault energy make high nitrogen austenitic steels have a higher work hardening index. At the same time, high-nitrogen austenitic steels have a tough-brittle transition behavior that is not common in conventional austenitic steels. The ductile-brittle transition temperature increases with the increase of nitrogen content, which easily causes high-nitrogen austenitic steels to be in the brittle zone during cold working. In response to this problem, the researchers have proposed various solutions and corresponding theoretical explanations, but the various claims have their own characteristics and are controversial, and need to be further studied in the future. This paper summarizes the plastic deformation characteristics of high nitrogen austenitic steel. The definition of high-nitrogen steel, the role of nitrogen in steel and the effect of second phase precipitation on the thermal deformation of high-nitrogen austenitic steel are introduced. The research progress of related hot working deformation is reviewed, and the problems faced by cold deformation of high nitrogen austenitic steel and the improvement methods are analyzed. It is expected to provide a reference for the subsequent plastic processing research of high nitrogen austenitic steel.
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