Research Progress on the Adsorption of Heavy Metals in Industrial Wastewater by Magnetic Polyaniline Composites
ZHANG Wenjuan1, FEI Yulong2, WANG Youliang3, ZHANG Bobo2, MA Xiaokai2
1 State Key Laboratory for Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China 2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China 3 School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
Abstract: With the rapid development of industry, a large number of wastewater containing heavy metal ions are discharged from metal plating, fertilizer manufacturing, batteries, mining and other industries, which not only seriously pollutes the environment but also endangers human health. Therefore, the preparation of new adsorbents with good adsorption effect, simple operation and recoverable has always been the focus of research. In recent years, there have been many methods to remove heavy metal ions from wastewater, such as redox method, chemical precipitation method, ion exchange method, membrane separation method and adsorption method. Among many methods available, adsorption is considered to be a very promising technique for heavy metals removal since its easy synthetise, low cost and high efficiency. However, conventional adsorbents are difficult to meet the increasingly stringent environmental regulations to treat the heavy metal wastewaters. Therefore, development of new adsorbent material with good adsorption efficiency, simple operation and recoverable has always been the focus of research. Magnetic nanoparticles with large surface areas, high adsorption capacities and good magnetic properties, which can be quickly separated from liquid phase with external magnetic forces and no secondary pollution. However, magnetic nanoparticles are prone to agglomeration in solution due to their high surface activities and magnetic interaction, which limits the application of magnetic nanoparticles as adsorbents in wastewater treatment. Polyaniline is a polyamine polymer with good adsorption properties for heavy metal ions. The introduction of polyaniline into magnetic nanoparticles can not only improve the dispersion and stability of magnetic nanoparticles, but also improve the adsorption performance of magne-tic nanoparticles for heavy metal ions in wastewater. In this paper, the structure, properties and preparation methods of magnetic polyaniline composites are summarized. The factors influencing the adsorption of heavy metal ions by magnetic polyaniline composites, such as the synthesis conditions, morphology and adsorption conditions of magnetic polyaniline composites, are also discussed. Finally, the problems to be solved in the treatment of industrial wastewater by magnetic polyaniline composites are analyzed, and the development trend of the material is prospected, which will provide more sufficient theoretical basis for the treatment of wastewater containing heavy metal ions.
张文娟, 费玉龙, 王有良, 张波波, 马晓凯. 磁性聚苯胺复合材料对工业废水中重金属吸附的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2020, 34(9): 9012-9018.
ZHANG Wenjuan, FEI Yulong, WANG Youliang, ZHANG Bobo, MA Xiaokai. Research Progress on the Adsorption of Heavy Metals in Industrial Wastewater by Magnetic Polyaniline Composites. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(9): 9012-9018.
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2020, Vol. 34 
