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材料导报  2026, Vol. 40 Issue (3): 24080010-9    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.24080010
  高分子与聚合物基复合材料 |
植物油基润滑脂的研究进展
方宇浩1,2, 楼高波1,2,*
1 浙江农林大学化学与材料工程学院,杭州311300
2 国家木质资源综合利用工程技术研究中心,杭州 311300
Research Progress in Vegetable Oil-based Lubricating Grease
FANG Yuhao1,2, LOU Gaobo1,2,*
1 College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
2 National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wood-based Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hangzhou 311300, China
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摘要 摩擦和磨损每年消耗掉全世界约1/3的能源,并与80%的机械故障有关,使用合适的润滑剂可以减少机械部件之间的摩擦和磨损,从而达到节约能源和延长设备服役寿命的目的。润滑脂作为一种重要的润滑剂产品,主要由基础油、稠化剂和添加剂组成,具有润滑、密封、减振以及冷却等作用,已广泛应用在轴承、齿轮和链条等机械部件。目前,大部分润滑脂以不可再生的矿物油作为基础油,随着环境污染和石油资源枯竭等问题的日益严重,以植物油作为基础油制备润滑脂在近年来得到了人们的青睐。植物油具有黏度高、与金属吸附性强以及降解性能好等优点,国内外学者以蓖麻油、大豆油等植物油代替矿物油,开发出一系列性能优异的植物油基润滑脂。本文首先从植物油的分子结构特点出发,深入剖析了植物油作为润滑脂基础油的性能优势;然后以不同种类植物油为分类依据,综述了近年来国内外学者以植物油作为基础油开发制备润滑脂的研究工作;接着从不同的降解场景出发,提出了评估植物油基润滑脂降解性能的方法;最后对植物油基润滑脂未来的发展趋势进行了展望,以期为后续的研究和开发工作提供参考。
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方宇浩
楼高波
关键词:  润滑脂  摩擦  植物油  生物基  可持续    
Abstract: Friction and wear consume approximately 1/3 of energy each year and are associated with 80% of mechanical failures. The use of appropriate lubricants can reduce friction and wear between mechanical components, so as to save energy and prolong the service life of equipment. As an important lubricant product, grease is mainly composed of base oil, thickener, and additives. It has the functions of lubrication, sealing, vibration reduction and cooling. It has been widely used in mechanical components such as bearings, gears, and chains. Currently, most greases use non-renewable mineral oil as the base oil. However, with the increasingly serious problems such as environmental pollution and the depletion of petroleum resources, the preparation of greases using vegetable oil as the base oil has gained popularity in recent years. Vegetable oil has advantages such as high viscosity, strong adsorption to metal surfaces, and excellent biodegradability. Consequently, scholars have developed a series of vegetable oil-based greases by replacing mineral oil with castor oil, soybean oil, and other vegetable oils. Based on the existing research, this paper first analyzes the advantages of vegetable oils as base oils from their molecular structure. Next, this paper discusses recent studies on grease preparation using different types of vegetable oils. Subsequently, it proposes methods to evaluate the degradation performance of vegetable oil-based lubricating grease under various scenarios. Finally, the future development trend of vegetable oil-based grease was prospected in order to provide reference for the follow-up research and development work.
Key words:  grease    friction    vegetable oil    bio-based    sustainable
发布日期:  2026-02-13
ZTFLH:  TH117.1  
基金资助: 浙江农林大学人才启动项目(2022LFR103)
通讯作者:  *楼高波,博士,讲师,浙江农林大学化学与材料工程学院硕士研究生导师。主要从事生物质复合材料、胶黏剂等方面的研究工作。   
作者简介:  方宇浩,浙江农林大学化学与材料工程学院硕士研究生,在楼高波老师的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为生物基润滑脂的设计与制备。
引用本文:    
方宇浩, 楼高波. 植物油基润滑脂的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2026, 40(3): 24080010-9.
FANG Yuhao, LOU Gaobo. Research Progress in Vegetable Oil-based Lubricating Grease. Materials Reports, 2026, 40(3): 24080010-9.
链接本文:  
https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.24080010  或          https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2026/V40/I3/24080010
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