Abstract: Nano ZnAl2O4 powders were prepared by sol-gel method with aluminum nitrate, zinc nitrate and citric acid as star-ting material, carbon black and phenolic formaldehyde resin as carbon source. Effect of different carbon source on synthesis and particle size of nano-ZnAl2O4 were studied in reducing atmosphere at high temperature, comparing with samples which conducted heat treatment in air without carbon addition. The results showed that XRD peaks of samples with carbon addition were not detected after heat treatment at 600 ℃ in reducing atmosphere. The reason was that carbon acts as steric hindrance, which inhibited ions movement. Nano ZnAl2O4 with fine particles (20—30 nm) could be synthesized at 800 ℃ with carbon addition, and nano-ZnAl2O4 particle size was almost no change when the temperature increased from 800 ℃ to 1 000 ℃. Carbon surrounding the ZnAl2O4 particles prevented effectively the growth and sintering of the particles. Phenolic resin was better than carbon black for inhibiting ZnAl2O4 particle growth, which might be phenolic resin carbonized with some glassy carbon, leading to better retarding effect. But when the temperature was no less than 1 200 ℃, ZnAl2O4 was easy to react with CO or C to form volatile Zn(g), there was only single crystal phase α-Al2O3. However, nano-ZnAl2O4 particles could be synthesized at 600 ℃ in air without carbon addition, but the particles increased noticeably (from 27.5 nm to 54.6 nm) with temperature increasing from 600 ℃ to 800 ℃, and the particles exhibited sintered state.
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