Abstract: Shell nacre is a natural layered composite and has a layered hierarchical assembly structure similar to the “brick and mortar” structure with the alternation of hard and soft phase, which endows it with excellent mechanical properties. Through the bionic study of shell nacre, people have used different technologies(such as freeze-casting technology) to prepare a series of bionic and layered composite materials with high strength and toughness, which show broad application prospects in aerospace, military, civil use, mechanical engineering and other fields. The performance and facture mechanism of shell nacre structure are reviewed firstly. Then the development process, mechanism, control parameters, device design and overall processing steps of freeze-casting technology are introduced. On this basis, the stability, apparent density and porosity of porous ceramics, used for preparing bionic and la-yered composite materials, is introduced. Meanwhile, the characteristics and applications of porous ceramics, ceramic/metal layered composites and ceramic/polymer layered composites are reviewed. Lastly, the analysis and summary of problems appeared in the preparation of ceramic with nacre-like lamellar structure was made, and the future development and research trend of this composite is predicted.
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