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材料导报  2025, Vol. 39 Issue (22): 24100146-6    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.24100146
  金属与金属基复合材料 |
V微合金化对Q355钢在不同热输入下焊接性能的影响机理研究
姜春晖1,2, 李昭东2, 高博2, 朱露2, 王寅鹏1,2, 魏伟1,*
1 常州大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏 常州 213164
2 钢铁研究总院有限公司工程用钢研究院,北京 100081
Mechanism Study on the Effect of V Microalloying on the Welding Performance of Q355 Steel Under Different Heat Inputs
JIANG Chunhui1,2, LI Zhaodong2, GAO Bo2, ZHU Lu2, WANG Yinpeng1,2, WEI Wei1,*
1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
2 Institute for Structural Steels, Central Iron & Steel Research Institute Company Limited, Beijing 100081, China
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摘要 利用热-力模拟试验机(Gleeble)、扫描电镜(SEM)、背散射电子衍射(EBSD)和透射电镜(TEM)等表征方法系统地研究了V微合金化对Q355钢在不同热输入下焊接性能的影响机理。结果表明,在焊接热输入40～100 kJ/cm时,0.03%(质量分数)V的添加对实验钢的低温冲击韧性为负影响。当焊接热输入为20 kJ/cm时,0.03% V的添加使实验钢-40 ℃低温冲击韧性提高了15.3 J。分析认为,在焊接热输入为40～75 kJ/cm时,0.03% V抑制了针状铁素的形成;而焊接热输入为100 kJ/cm时,实验钢的组织粒异常粗大造成冲击韧性较差。焊接热输入为20 kJ/cm时,0.03%V的添加提高实验钢的淬透性,并且由于MC颗粒对奥氏体晶界的钉扎作用,细化了奥氏体晶粒,促进了马氏体的形核和长大,从而使M/A岛的分布相对弥散,降低了晶界M/A岛成为裂纹源的风险。此外,热输入为20 kJ/cm时,热影响区大量细小的MC颗粒使沉淀强化量σp增加,从而使焊接热影响区的硬度提高,实现了良好的强韧性匹配。
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姜春晖
李昭东
高博
朱露
王寅鹏
魏伟
关键词:  V微合金化  焊接  低温韧性  硬度  影响机理    
Abstract: The effect of V microalloying on the welding performance of Q355 steel at different heat inputs was investigated using advanced characterization techniques, including thermo-mechanical simulator (Gleeble), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that under a welding heat input of 40—100 kJ/cm, the addition of 0.03% V adversely affects the low-temperature impact toughness of the steel. When the heat input is 20 kJ/cm, the addition of 0.03% V improves the low-temperature impact toughness at -40 ℃ by 15.3 J. Detailed analysis shows that at a heat input of 40—75 kJ/cm, the addition of 0.03% V suppresses the formation of acicular ferrite, while at a heat input of 100 kJ/cm, it leads to abnormally coarse grains in the experimental steel, significantly deteriorating impact toughness. At a heat input of 20 kJ/cm, the addition of 0.03% V enhances the hardenability of the steel. The pinning effect of MC particles on austenite grain boundaries refines austenite grains, facilitating the nucleation and growth of martensite. This contributes to a more dispersed distribution of M/A islands, reducing the likelihood of M/A islands at grain boundaries becoming crack initiation sites. Moreover, at a heat input of 20 kJ/cm, the presence of numerous fine MC particles in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) increases the precipitation strengthening contribution (σp), significantly enhancing the hardness of the HAZ and achieving an optimal balance between strength and toughness.
Key words:  V microalloying    welding    low-temperature toughness    hardness    mechanism of influence
出版日期:  2025-11-25      发布日期:  2025-11-14
ZTFLH:  TG142.41  
  TG115.285  
基金资助: 国家重点研发计划 (2022YFB3706401);钢铁研究总院有限公司科技基金项目(事24G60250BJ)
通讯作者:  *魏伟,常州大学材料科学与工程学院教授、博士研究生导师。主要从事高性能钢铁与有色合金、表面工程、材料再生利用研究。benjiamin.wwei@163.com   
作者简介:  姜春晖,现为常州大学材料科学与工程学院硕士研究生。目前主要研究领域为交通与建筑用钢微合金化和无缝钢管组织性能调控。
引用本文:    
姜春晖, 李昭东, 高博, 朱露, 王寅鹏, 魏伟. V微合金化对Q355钢在不同热输入下焊接性能的影响机理研究[J]. 材料导报, 2025, 39(22): 24100146-6.
JIANG Chunhui, LI Zhaodong, GAO Bo, ZHU Lu, WANG Yinpeng, WEI Wei. Mechanism Study on the Effect of V Microalloying on the Welding Performance of Q355 Steel Under Different Heat Inputs. Materials Reports, 2025, 39(22): 24100146-6.
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https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.24100146  或          https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2025/V39/I22/24100146
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